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Neuro Ana > Intro > Flashcards

Intro Flashcards

1
Q

outside layer

A

ectoderm

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2
Q

middle layer

A

mesoderm

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3
Q

inner layer

A

endoderm

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4
Q

ectoderm folds and creates what?

A

lumen

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5
Q

cluster of neurons outside the nervous system

A

ganglia

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6
Q

nerve cells that carries messages between the brain and the body; they look like shooting stars

A

neurons

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7
Q

cluster of neurons inside

A

nucleus

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8
Q

means young or immature

A

blast

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9
Q

tail of nerve

A

axon

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10
Q

connects one neuron to another

A

interneuron

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11
Q

sexual reproduction

A

mitosis

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12
Q

union of cells

A

fertilization

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13
Q

covers the neural tube and has no myelin covering; gray matter

A

mantle zone

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14
Q

inner layer that has a myelin covering; white matter

A

axonal marginal layer

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15
Q

finds its appropriate target in the periphery and central nervous system

A

growth cone

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16
Q

forms the central canal of the fully developed spinal cord

A

neural canal

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17
Q

process by which the number of cells in a developing embryo is multiplied through cell division

A

cell cleavage

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18
Q

cartilaginous skeletal rod supporting the body in all embryonic and some adult chordate animals

A

notochord

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19
Q

key developmental structure that serves as the basis for the nervous system

A

neural plate/neural groove

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20
Q
  • enclosed ectoderm fold
  • hollow structure from which the brain and spinal cord form
  • surrounds the neural canal
A

neural tube

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21
Q

gives rise to a diverse cell lineage

group of cells isolated by the process of neural tube fusion

A

neural crest

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22
Q

other names for dorsal root ganglia

A

spinal ganglion

posterior root ganglion

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23
Q

cluster of nerve cell bodies in a posterior root of a spinal nerve

A

dorsal root ganglia

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24
Q

contain the sensory cell bodies which send their developing acons into the evolving spinal cord and skin

A

dorsal root ganglia

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25
Q

dividing cell that will develop into a neuron often after a migration phase

A

neuroblast

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26
Q

ependymal layer

A

neuroblast

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27
Q

create the dorsal and ventral horns of the spinal cord

A

alar and basal plates

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28
Q

neural structure in the embryonic nervous system

A

Alar plate

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29
Q

other name for alar plate

A

alar lamina

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30
Q

becomes the sensory axon part of the spinal cord

A

caudal part

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31
Q

region of the neural tube ventral to the sulculus limitans

A

basal plate

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32
Q

develop at their interface in the throracic and upper lumbar cord

A

visceral efferent neurones

33
Q

relies on factors secreted dorsally ar ventrally from notochord

A

dorsal ventral patterning

34
Q

predominantly found in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus

A

neural progenitor cells

35
Q

failure of fusion of the anterior rostral neuropore

A

anencephaly

36
Q

any defect at the lower end of the vertebral column and spinal cord

A

spina bifida

37
Q

most common spina bifida that regers to a failure of fusion of the dorsal parts of the lower vertebrae

A

spina bifida occulta

38
Q

spectrum of defects that are a result of the abnormal migration of developing cortical neurons

A

cortical dysplasia

39
Q

forebrain

A

prosencephalon

40
Q

outer layer of cerebrum

A

cerebral cortex

41
Q

cerebrum

A

telencephalon

42
Q

group of stuctures linked to the thalamus in the base of the brain
involved in the coordination of movement

A

basal ganglia

43
Q

associated with memory and spatial navigation

A

hippocampus

44
Q

first to develop; involved in the sense of smell

A

olfactory bulb

45
Q

collection of stuctures located in the front and below the striatum that includes the nucleus accumbens

A

basal forebrain

46
Q

the caudal posterion part of the forebrain that contains the thalamic group and the third ventricle group

A

diencephalon

47
Q

parts of the diencephalon

A 
thalamus
hypothalamus
epithalamus
ventral thalamus
3rd ventricle
48
Q

midbrain

A

mesencephalon

49
Q

anatomic; brain, brainstem and spinal cords are parts of it

A

central nervous system

50
Q

begins at the foramen magnum; central canal

A

spinal cord

51
Q

site at the base of the skill where the medulla ends

A

foramen magnum

52
Q

nerve fibres that form the ascending and descending pathways

A

white matter

53
Q

located at the center of the spinal cord and contains the cell bodies of neurons

A

gray matter

54
Q

connected to the brainstem via 3 cerebellar peduncles

A

cerebellum

55
Q

cerebral hemisphere for motor

A

frontal

56
Q

cerebral hemisphere for sensory

A

parietal

57
Q

cerebral hemisphere for memories

A

temporal

58
Q

cerebral hemisphere for visual processing

A

occipital

59
Q

dense network of peripheral nerves

A

plexus

60
Q

outside the brain, brainstem and spinal cord; anatomical

A

peripheral nervous system

61
Q

functional

controls endocrine glands and homeostatic system

A

Autonomic nervous system

62
Q

collection of structures locate to the front and below striatura

A

basal forebrain

63
Q

located in the brain stem and sacrum

A

preganglionic neurons

64
Q

located in the vertebral and prevertebral ganglia

A

postganglionic neurons

65
Q

severe pain and autonomic changes confined to a single limb

A

reflex sympathetic dystrophies

66
Q

additional cell loss in the basal ganglia and cerebellum

A

multiple system atrophy

67
Q

motor functions and movement

A

enteric

68
Q

lies between the longitudinal and circular muscle layers

A

myenteric plexus

69
Q

lies between the circular muscle and muscularis mucosa

A

submucosal plexus

70
Q

localized absence of enteric nervous system in the colon causing constipation at birth

A

hirschprung’s disease

71
Q

local degeneration of intrinsic neurons

A

parkinsons disease

72
Q

feelings in a critical situation

A

sympathetic

73
Q

post ganglionic trasmitter

A

noradrenaline

74
Q

feelings in everyday situations

A

parasympathetic

75
Q

hindbrain

A

rhombencephalon

76
Q

pons and cerebellum

A

metencephalon

77
Q

medulla

A

myelencepahon

78
Q

stages of the egg

A 
fertilized egg
2 cell
4 cell
8 cell
morula
blastula
early gastrula
gastrula

Neuro Ana (2 decks)

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