Intro Flashcards
What are the components of the foregut, what is its blood supply?
pylorus to the mid/3rd of duodenum, includes liver biliary tree, pancreas
celiac artery
What are the components of the midgut, what is its blood supply?
mid/3rd of the duodenum to the distal transverse colon, includes jejunum, ileum, appendix
blood supply is the superior mesenteric artery
What are the components of the hindgut, what is its blood supply?
splenic fissure to the rectum
blood supply is the inferior mesenteric artery
What does the celiac trunk serve?
stomach, duodenum, pancreas, arterial liver
What does the superior mesenteric artery serve?
3rd of duodenum, all jejunum and ileum
What does the inferior mesenteric artery serve?
splenic flexure to the superior rectum (colon)
How many nerves in the enteric nervous system?
over 100 million neurons (cat brain)
ENS independently controls gut function in simple programmed functions, and intrinsic pacemaker controls
Where does the gut microbiota inherited from?
mother
Describe the close relationship between the ENS and GALT
release of inflammatory mediators may affect enteric nerve function and muscle contractility
Name risk factors for colo-rectal cancer.
aging >50 family history 1st or 2nd degree relative inflammatory bowel disease: ulcerative colitis or Crohn's hereditary conditions: FAP, HNPCC diabeties diets rich in fats (esp animal fats) cigarette smoking/alcohol sedentary lifestyle
___% of cases occur after age 50, ____ of patients with CRC die from the disease.
50, ⅓ die from the disease and CRC is a preventable disease
Describe the adenoma to carcinoma sequence.
hyperplasia early adenoma intermediate adenoma late adenoma carcinoma metastases
Name 4 common mutations associated with CRC.
APC (80-90%)
TP53 (50%)
KRAS (40%)
PIK3CA (25%)
understanding colorectal cancer mutations can help to individualize cancer treatment
