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Zoology > Intro > Flashcards

Intro Flashcards

1
Q

From the Latin word “Scientia,” Which means to know or knowledge.

A

Science

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2
Q

The systemized knowledge of our physical world and its phenomena

A

Science

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3
Q

Science is also known to be a ________ that involves reasoning, and an ________ that involves questions, observations, and experimentations.

A

Thinking; investigating

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4
Q

The pursuit of knowledge covering general truths or the operations of fundamental flaws

A

Science

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5
Q

Two methods of reasoning and differentiate them from each other

A

Inductive reasoning - specific to general. Commonly used in descriptive sciences

Deductive reasoning - from general to specific. Commonly used in hypothesis-based science

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6
Q

Which is which:
Idea - observations - conclusion =?

Observations - analysis - theory =?

A

Deductive reasoning; Inductive reasoning.

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7
Q

A method of research with defined steps that include experimentation and careful observation

A

Scientific method

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8
Q

State the 5 steps in scientific method.

A

-Observation
-Question
-Hypothesis
-experiment
-conclusion/result

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9
Q

Differentiate hypothesis with theory with law

A

Hypothesis - predictive explanation.
Theory - From hypothesis, it will become theory once they are verified.
Law - Absolute truth. Observable truth. Accepted to be TRUE by the scientific community

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10
Q

What are the three broad branches of science

A

Social science, abstract science, and natural science.

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11
Q

What are the two type of natural science

A

Physical science and biological science

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12
Q

What are the three studies that are under the biological science

A

Botany, zoology, and microbiology

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13
Q

Who is the father of zoology

A

Aristotle

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14
Q

Father of microbiology

A

Louis Pasteur

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15
Q

Botany is also known as

A

Phytology

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16
Q

Father of botany

A

Theophrastus

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17
Q

Living systems exhibit a unique and complex molecular structure. This is known as?

A

Chemical uniqueness

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18
Q

Composition of large molecules is known as

A

Macromolecules

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19
Q

It makes life unique and have a complex organizational structure

A

Macromolecules

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20
Q

Contain the same kind of atoms and chemical bonds as those found in non-living things

A

Chemical uniqueness

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21
Q

What are the 4 types of biomolecules

A

Lipids
Nucleic acids
Carbs
Proteins

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22
Q

State the hierarchical organization or the hierarchy of levels in terms of the complexity of a specimen

A

Macromolecules
Cells
Organisms
Populations
Species

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23
Q

The ability to reproduce either sexually or asexually.

A

Reproduction

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24
Q

2 phenomena of reproduction

A

Heredity - transmission of traits from parents to offspring
Variation - production of differences among traits of different individuals

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25
Q

Responsible for determining the physical and behavioral traits of an organism

A

Genetic program

26
Q

Encode structures of the protein molecules needed for organismal development and functioning

A

Nucleic acids

27
Q

Long molecule made up of nucleotides that stores genetic information

A

DNA

28
Q

Correspondence between the sequence of bases in DNA and the sequence of amino acids in the protein

A

Genetic code

29
Q

A wide range of process such as respiration, digestion, and the synthesis of new molecules, which are essential for animals

A

Metabolism

30
Q

What are the two main category of metabolism. Differentiate

A

Catabolism - breakdown of molecules to smaller units that releases energy
Anabolism - Uses energy and create new molecules

31
Q

Study of organismal interactions with an environment

A

Ecology

32
Q

The study of animal life

A

Zoology

33
Q

Study of external structures of living organisms

A

Morphology

34
Q

Study of structure of internal organs

A

Anatomy

35
Q

Study of structures and function of the cell

A

Cytology

36
Q

Study of transmission of characters from one generation to another

A

Genetics

37
Q

Study of identification, classification, and nomenclature of living organisms

A

Taxonomy

38
Q

Study of animal behavior

A

Ethology

39
Q

Study of fishes

A

Ichthyology

40
Q

Study of birds

A

Ornithology

41
Q

Study of mammals

A

Mammalogy

42
Q

Study of lizards

A

Saurology

43
Q

Study of worms

A

Helminthology

44
Q

Study of viruses

A

Virology

45
Q

Study of molluscan shells

A

Conchology

46
Q

Who made Historia Animalium

A

Aristotle

47
Q

Who wrote Naturalis Historia

A

Pliny the elder

48
Q

Who wrote De animalibus

A

Albert Magnus

49
Q

Father of modern zoology

A

Conrad Gesner

50
Q

Who published the Historiae Animalium

A

Conrad Gesner

51
Q

Comprehensive encyclopedia with over 4500 species of animal

A

Historiae Animalium

52
Q

The period where intense exploration and discovery was important in the zoology field because it allowed

A

Age of exploration

53
Q

the age where zoology knowledge is now obtained not just by systematic observation but also with DISSECTION.

A

Renaissance

54
Q

The process by which the species of living organisms changes over time

A

evolution

55
Q

Most recognizable theory of evolution

A

Darwinism

56
Q

5 major theories of Darwinism

A

Evolution as such
Common descent - all living things share a common ancestor.
Multiplication of species - Species arise from existing ones.
Gradualism - Small and continuous changes
Natural Selection - survival of the fittest.

57
Q

Are the units of hereditary information that encode for specific traits

A

Genes

58
Q

Are egg and sperm cell

A

Gametes

59
Q

Are found in the nucleus of animal cells and are usually paired

A

Chromosomes

60
Q

Father of genetics

A

Gregor Mendel

61
Q

States that for any given trait, an organism has two copies of the gene responsible for that trait, and these copies segregate or separate from each other during the formation of reproductive cells.

A

Law of segregation

62
Q

States that different genes are inherited independently of each other

A

Law of independent assortment

Zoology (5 decks)

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