Intro Flashcards
What are the fats in order of descending healthiness?
1) Unsaturated (plant/plant oils)
2) Saturated (animal)
3) Trans fats (halogenated)
What does glycemic index mean?
Indication of how rapidly blood glucose rise after consumption of specific food
- compared to glucose/white bread
What is complete protein?
Dietary protein that contains all 9 essential amino acids
What does recommended dietary allowance show?
Average daily intake level of nutrient necessary to meet requirements of 97.5% of healthy individuals in a particular age and gender group
How is enteral nutrition different from parental nutrition?
Parental is IV
Enteral via GIT
What is the definition of malnutrition?
Sustained imbalance where nutrient availability «_space;nutrient requirements
What is maramus?
Severe malnutrition:
- inadequate caloric intake
→ severe muscle wasting and fat loss
- no edema
What is kwashiorkor?
Severe protein deficiency but sufficient caloric intake
- some WL/muscle wasting
- can have fat retention
- edema (due to ↓serum albumin)
What are 3 diseases that an obese px is predisposed to?
1) Type II DM
2) HTN
3) Bone/joint disorders
4) Coronary heart disease
How is Obesity measured?
BMI
= weight (kg)/height^2 (m^2)
What determines is a biochemical rxn is thermodynamically favorable?
ΔG° <0 → exergonic
- ΔG° >0 → endergonic → reverse rxn favored
What are 2 ways to generate ATP?
1) Substrate level
- from transfer from high energy donor
2) Oxidative phosphorylation
- from oxidative processes
What are 4 examples of electron carriers?
1) NAD+ → ATP synthesis
2) NADP+ → Reductive biosynthesis
3) FAD/FMN → ATP synthesis
What is the function of oxido-reductase?
Transfer e- between compounds
eg. lactate dehydrogenase
What is the function of transferases?
Transfer fucntional groups between molecules
eg. glucokinase
