Intro Flashcards
Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome
-affects children
–cardiovascular and neurological problems
–live 12-15 years
–rare “new” genetic mutation (1/8 million), affects lamin A
healthspan
period of healthy maintenance prior to decline,
= maturity stage
Werner syndrome
–onset in 20s, 30s live to 50
–short stature, hair aging
- defect in DNA helicase
Primary cultures
derived directly from the source and
placed into culture
-often post-mitotic or non-replicating
-limited survival time in culture
Replicating Cell Lines
non-differentiated mitotic cells like fibroblasts
-divide until all in contact = confluence
–can reculture in fresh dish
-mammalian cells can divide 30-50 times before the culture dies (Hayflick limit)
Cell lines
mitotic “immortal” cells do not have a culture generation time limit
–often derived from tumors, or by genetic manipulation
–typically have considerable chromosome abnormalities
Stem cells
undifferentiated cells that have the capacity to renew themselves indefinitely
totipotent
can generate all cells of an organism
including placenta
pluripotent
can generate cells from three germ layers-
endoderm, mesoderm ectoderm.
Adult Stem Cells
multipotent but make cells from the organ/tissue from which they are derived
Development
stage of lifespan in which functional change is generally positive
Maturity
stage of lifespan in which function is maintained at optimal levels
cellular senescence
normal diploid cells lose the ability to divide
Iteroparous
capable of reproducing more than once per lifetime
Semelparous
reproducing only once in a lifetime
