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Chemistry Exam 1 > Intro > Flashcards

Intro Flashcards

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1
Q

Recognize and explain basic concepts of spectrophotometry

A

Measure light absorbed by a solution to find the concentration of the absorbing substance in a solution.

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2
Q

Describe the operation of a spectrophotometer

A

light source>entrance slit>monochromator>exit slit>sample cuvette>pm tube>A/D>Display.

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3
Q

Explain the principles of light absorption

Wavelength

A

Length between two equal points on a light wave, measured in nanometers

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4
Q

Explain the principles of light absorption

Spectrum

A

categories of light determined by wavelength

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5
Q

Explain the principles of light absorption

Beer’s Law

A

“the concentration of a substance is directly proportional to the light absorbed, or inversely proportional to the logarithm light transmitted.”

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6
Q

Recognize and describe the function of spectrophotometer
components

Light source

A

transmits light. tungsten most common. visible light.
Deuterium for UV spectrum

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7
Q

Recognize and describe the function of spectrophotometer components

Monochromator

A

diffracts light into various wavelengths

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8
Q

Recognize and describe the function of spectrophotometer components

Cuvettes

A

Contain solution with substance for testing

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9
Q

Recognize and describe the function of spectrophotometer components

Light Detectors

A

collect light at the exit slit

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10
Q

Recognize and describe the function of spectrophotometer components

Read-out Systems

A

Measure and interpret the wavelength into an absorbance readout

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11
Q

Explain maintenance/quality assurance of instrumentation

Stray light

A

caused by scratched tubes, particulate, finger prints, Etc. did not get selected for but gets in

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12
Q

Explain maintenance/quality assurance of instrumentation

Sensitivity

A

how closely the absorbance falls in the linear dynamic range

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13
Q

Explain maintenance/quality assurance of instrumentation

Linearity

A

how closely related the data are. do they form a linear line?

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14
Q

Explain the basic concepts of other types of analytical measurement methods

Atomic absorption

A

measures concentration by by electromagnetic radiation by atoms

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15
Q

Explain the basic concepts of other types of analytical measurement methods

Fluorometry

A

fluorescence for concentration. more specific and sensitive. sensitive to env changed (PH and temp)

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16
Q

Explain the basic concepts of other types of analytical measurement methods

Chemiluminescence

A

molecules in excited states by chemical rxns. no radiation/monochromators. Subpicomolar detection is advantage. impurities causing background signal is disadvantage.

17
Q

Explain the basic concepts of other types of analytical measurement methods

turbidimetry

A

concentration of particular matter/ light at 180 degree angle. sample handling critical

18
Q

Explain the basic concepts of other types of analytical measurement methods

Nephelometry

A

90 degree angle. minimizes error from colored solutions.

Chemistry Exam 1 (7 decks)

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