Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BMS2002 > Intro > Flashcards

Intro Flashcards

1
Q

Post translational modification of proteins
Where?
When?

A

Covalent addition/ cleavage of proteins
On amino acid chain/ terminal
After protein biosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3 germ layer types

A

Endoderm
Mesoderm
Ectoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How is pleuropotency established maintained and modulated ?

A

Cell signalling networks
PTM and proteome diversity extending function and stability
Reversible/ irreversible structure alteration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Types of PTM

A

Phosphorylation
Glycosylation
Methylation
Acetylation
Disulphide bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Phosphorylation

A

+/- phosphate to ser/thre/tyr
Reversible
Conformational protein change
Enzyme activation/ deactivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Glycosylation

A

Attaches sugar to N/O in an amino acid side chain cov linked via glycosidic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Methylation

A

+ methyl group at Lys/Arg residues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Acetylation

A

+ acetyl group to N-terminus of protein / lys res via coA
Donated by acetyl coA
Enzymatic / non-enzymatic > (de)acetylase
Co/post TM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Disulphide bond PTM

A

Cov links S atoms of 2 cys res

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cleavage PTM example

A

Translation/ translocation
Folding/ oxidation/ signal peptide cleavage
ER export/ Golgi transport/ vesicle packaging
Protease cleavage > C-peptide liberation
Carboxypepfidas E > mature insulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Covalent addition PTM

A

+ new functional groups
Cell signalling and reaction enables
Response to environmental stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Phosphate charge interaction

A

2 negative charges
(Enzyme activation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Enzyme deactivation phosphorylation

A

Can mask binding site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Protein kinases

A

Enzymes catalysing phosphate transfer from a high energy donor
Unidirectional reaction
P from ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Phosphatase

A

Enzyme catalysing phosphate removal from substrate via hydrolysis of phosphoric acid monoesters > Phosphate ion + molecule w free hydroxyl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Glycosylation

A

Carb covalent binding to functional group on protein via glycosidic bond

17
Q

Glycosylation function

A

Correct folding / protein stability/ cell adhesion/ immune response/ hormone activity/ embryonic development

18
Q

Glycosylation location

A

On dolichol

19
Q

5 Glycosylation types

A

O-linked (on ER/ Golgi)
N-linked (on ER)
Glypiation
C-linked
Phosphoglycosylation

20
Q

Types of acetylation

A

N-terminal
Lysine

21
Q

N-terminal acetylation

A

Co-trans in euk
Synthesis
localisation
Stability

22
Q

Lysine acetylation

A

Txn factor linked
For gene expression / activation
L lysine >< acetyl-lysine

23
Q

N-terminal acetyltransferases

A

Transfer from Ac-CoA to alpha amino group of 1st amino acid res
Specific to N-termini
Irreversible

24
Q

Antagonistic acetylation

A

Acetylation removes + charge > wraps less tightly around histone > ^effector protein binding / txn ^ >txn hyperactivity

25
Q

Histone DAC/ AT location

A

cytoplasm
nucleus

26
Q

altered biological effects in malignant cells

A

decreased proliferation/ migration
increased cell cycle/ cell death

27
Q

methylation no. transfers on to lysine

A

1/2/3m

28
Q

methylation no. transfers on to arginine

A

1/2

29
Q

what donates methyl in methylation

A

S-adenosylmethionine

30
Q

carbonyl methylation

A

generally reversible
modulates reaction

31
Q

N-methylation

A

irreversible
onto new amino acids

32
Q

arginine methylation functions

A

RNA processing
gene txn
DNA damage repair
protein translocation
signal transduction

33
Q

lysine methylation

A

histone function regulation
epigenetic regulation of transcription

34
Q

KMT

A

lysine methyl transferase

35
Q

P53

A

Tumor suppressor
targets expression of downstream target gene regulation
lys/ arg rich

36
Q

what is P53 regulated by

A

PMT/ acetylation/ phosphorylation/ methylation in N/C terminals

BMS2002 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions