Intro Flashcards
How large is a microbe?
What is a zoonotic disease?
How is antibiotic resistance caused?
How does it arise? 2 ways
<0.1mm
Disease transmissible from vertebrate animals to humans
Overuse of antibiotics
Genomic mutations- in target enzyme or structural proteins
Horizontal gene transfer- plasmids between species
How large is a microbe?
What is a zoonotic disease?
How is antibiotic resistance caused?
How does it arise? 2 ways
<0.1mm
Disease transmissible from vertebrate animals to humans
Overuse of antibiotics
Genomic mutations- in target enzyme or structural proteins
Horizontal gene transfer- plasmids between species
What are the 2 types of microorganisms that cause algal blooms?
How are they harmful but not pathogenic?
What are non-pathogenic microbes used for?
Why is the size of microbe rule misleading?
How can you form a phylogenetic tree to trace organisms? Why with this method?
What organisms dominate the phylogenetic tree?
Cyanobacteria (blue) and dinoflagellates (red)
Starve areas of oxygen & nutrients for other marine animals, but don’t directly infect/harm the animals
Food, sewage treatment
As some colonies of microbes can be seen with the naked eye
16S ribosomal RNA sequencing- highly conserved
Microbes- similar in appearance but very distantly related. macro-organisms are only a few small twigs, all look different but closely related
When did the first traces of life/bacteria appear on Earth?
Single celled eukaryotes?
Multicellular animals?
What is a prokaryote which is an exception to the eukaryotic/prokaryotic rule?
What is an organism which is an exception to the microorganism rule?
- 5 billion years ago
- 5 billion years ago
750 million years ago
Gemmata obscuriglobus- has a nuclear envelope & complex life cycle
Thiomargarita namibiensis- very large bacteria which is a chemolithotroph
What is an auto/lithotroph?
What is an heterotroph?
What is an phototroph?
What is an chemotroph?
Organism that uses inorganic source of carbon & electrons (like CO2, H2O, NH3 etc)
Organism that uses organic source of carbon & electrons (like glucose, fats, lactate)
Uses light for energy/sunlight
Uses inorganic compounds for energy (glucose, fats, H2, FeCO3)
