Intro Flashcards
Every cell has a
boundary, cell body and set of genes
EUKARYOTIC CELL
internal membranes enclose organelles + regulate chemical composition of spaces inside
A eukaryotic cell is composed of
nucleus, plasma membrane
e.g. plant/animal cell
PROKARYOTIC CELL
have NO internal membrane
A prokaryotic cell is composed of
nuceloid, no plasma membrane
e.g. bacteria cell
What is the CYTOSKELETON
Network of filaments varying in size and rigidity
What is the function of the cytoskeleton
- Microtubules - hollow structure organising near the centrosome and provide cell with SHAPE
- Actin filaments - supply the dynamics > CONTRACTILE FORCE
- Intermediate filaments - provide strength
How many layers do the phospholipid bilayers have and what are they?
2
hydrophillic head
hydrophobic tail
What makes up the cell membrane?
- Phospholipid bilayers
- Proteins
- Carbohydrate - occupies outer surface
What is the fluid mosaic model?
Phospholipid bilayers behave LIQUID like e.g. sea surface
Proteins behave SOLID like e.g. iceberg
and they both act as ONE composite structure
What properties does the cell membrane have?
Viscoelastic
fluidity of lipid bilayers contribute viscosity
connective proteins contribute elasticity
Mitochondria
- capture energy from small organic molecules in the form of ATP
- ‘power house’ in cell that generates energy
Chloroplast
- one type of plastid
- only in plant cells
- turn solar energy into chemical energy in the process of photosynthesis
Golgi complex
function is to direct the flow of newly made protein
Lysosomes
- digestive vats
- ‘RUBBISH collector’ in the cell
