Intro 1

Question 1

What are the effects if someone is castrated before puberty?

Answer 1

Longer bones, little sexual behaviour, no beards or deep voice

Question 2

What was found in Berthold’s experiment on chickens?

Answer 2

Castrated chickens before sexual maturity prevented male sexual and aggressive behaviour and other secondary sexual characteristics

Re implanting testis produced normal male characteristics

Question 3

What are hormones?

Answer 3

The chemical messengers which speeding from cell to cell along the blood stream, may coordinate the activities and growth of different parts of the body

Question 4

What are the three main chemical classes that hormones fall into?

Answer 4

Proteins, steroids and amines

Question 5

What are cells called that express hormone receptors?

Answer 5

Target cells

Question 6

What are tinbergens 4 questions?

Answer 6

1. Proximate control of causation- how does it work?
2. Development or ontogeny- how did it develop?
3. Evolution or phylogeny- why did it evolve?
4. Function- what is it for?

Question 7

What was found in the winner effect study on mice?

Answer 7

Prior wins with other mice increased the likelihood of winning the test encounter

Blood testosterone on the test day increased with prior winning experience

Question 8

What is ablation?

Answer 8

The removal of a suspected source of a hormone e.g. surgical removal of a gland like the testis