Intravenous Therapy Flashcards
Indications of IV therapy
rapid infusion when a patient needs fluid quick or resiticed oral intact and they need TPN. swallowing difficulties or if the GI is impaired. Patient has had surgery and need blood transfusion
Complications of IV therapy
redness, swelling, burning or coldness, when the fluid is going into the interstitial space; causing hypovolemic cause pitting edema, weeping, fluid overload. If not changing tubing and IV infection can set in blood clots or thrombus
Maintenance for IV therapy
change solution every 24 hrs, change dressing every 7 days, flush the IV 2 times a shift (when you start shift and before end of shift), change tubing every 72-96 hours,
Method of gaining access to the venous system by piercing a vein
Venipuncture
For a Venipunction what does the nurse do?
places, monitors and manages
what do you use for an aseptic technique?
alcohol or iodine
Peripheral common sites for IV placement
-hands
-forearm inside the elbow (but we bend there so we don’t like to place there but if that’s all we can use then we do)
-foot
-ankle
-Antecubital fossa (AC)
-Forearm and back of the arm
Central Venous common site IV placement
-Superior vena cava
How long is an IV normally good for?
5 days
how often should you flush an IV?
twice a shift
Indications for an IV
-Rapid drug effect
-Restricted oral intake
-Unable to swallow or difficulty swallowing
-Impaired gastrointestinal absorption
-Desired continuous therapeutic blood levels
-Total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
-Blood transfusions
IV therapy Complications
-Infections
-Phlebitis
-Thrombus
-Air bolus -deadly
-Infiltration
-Circulatory overload
How often should you change the IV dressing?
every 72 hours or if bleeding and oozing through the dressing
vein is blown and fluid is going into intersatal spacing, change to a new one every time you take it off to flush
Infiltration
IV maintance
-Changing IV solutions every 24 hrs - even if there is still fluid in there
-Changing IV tubing every 72 to 96 hrs - its been label look at it every shit to see if it needs to be changed
-Antibacterial caps -the green or blue and are in the foil
what kind of tubing is used for blood transfusions?
Y- administration
blood and normal saline. Never mix or y-site with any medications. Always check for compatibility. Normal saline is the only thing that can be given with blood
blood transfusions
Blood transfusion reaction
-Hives
-Itching
-Febrile response
-Shaking, chills, and fever (septic reaction; high HR) pathogen in blood product
-back ache
what lab level is decreased with multiple blood transfusions?
calcium
lactated ringers for pregnant women in labor and postpartum patients get this for electrolyte intake. normal saline 0.9% use to maintain fluid balance
Isotonic Solutions
5% dextrose (sugar water) and normal saline at 0.45% use to expand circulating blood volume increasing blood pressure (someone that took too much bp meds you can
Hypotonic
3% saline 10% dextrose, TNP, and decrease brain edema and treat severe hyponatremia
Hypertonic
What is the role of an LPN with a blood transfusion?
don’t give blood, support , monitor, and do vitals, checking for reactions, can stop things if there is an emergency. If the IV has gone bad LPN can give almost anything IM injections in an emergency
Can an LPN be the second check for compatibility?
NO
Can the LPN monitor the client for signs and symptoms of a transfusion reaction
Yes
Can the LPN obtain and record the client’s vital signs during a transfusion?
Yes
