Intracellular Gram Negative Rods Flashcards
What are the major intracellaular gram negative rods you need to know (not including legionella)?
Chlamydia and Rickettsia
And sort of know ehrluchia, anaplasma, and coxiella
This bacteria has two forms; a metabolically inactive but infective elementary body and a metabollically active reticulate body
chlamydia
Serovars of chlamydia that cause trachoma
A, B, C
World’s leading cause of preventable blindness
chlamydia A, B, C tachmoa
Serovar of chlamydia that causes urogenital chlamydia
serovars D-K
Serovars of chlamydia that caus lympogranuloma venerum
L1, L2, L3
Chlymydia and parrots
c. psittaci, atypical pneumonia
Presents with fever, headache, and then centripetal blanching maculopapular rash that starts at wrists and ankles speads to trumk, palms, soles
rocky mountain spotted fever caused by rickettsia rickettsii
Often mistaken for meningitis, ket is to look at CSF and not find neutropils
RMSF
Epidemic typhus
rickettsia prowasekii
Endemic typhus
rickettsia typhi
Obligate intracellular bacterium that lacks peptidoglycans in its cell wall and is therefore resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g., cefuroxime), which act by inhibiting peptidoglycan crosslinking.
Chlamydophila
Caused by the Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi bacteria,____________is spread through contaminated food and water. Symptoms include fever, headache, fatigue, nausea, abdominal pain, and constipation or diarrhea
typhoid fever, this is DIFFERENT from TYPHUS
Caused by the Rickettsia typhi bacteria,_____________is spread by the bite of an infected flea or louse. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle aches, abdominal pain, and a dull red rash that spreads from the middle of the body.
typhus, this is DIFFERENT from TYPHOID
Genital or anal infection: genital and inguinal disease [19]
Primary infection (after approx. 1 week) Small, painless genital ulcers (herpetiform) that heal spontaneously within a few days. May be accompanied by mucopurulent discharge. Secondary infection (2–6 weeks after onset of primary infection).Painful swelling of the lymph nodes in the inguinal region (buboes). If lymph nodes are enlarged above and below the inguinal ligament, the characteristic groove sign may be seen. In one-third of cases, an abscess forms and may rupture, discharging pus.
Lymphogranuloma venerum caused by Chlamydia trachomatis serotypes L1–L3
RMSF, epidemic typhus, and endemic typhus are all treated with
doxycycline
Wright-Giemsa stain: detection of morulae inside infected monocytes
Ehrlichia chaffeensis
Wright-Giemsa stain: detection of morulae inside infected granulocytes
Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Vector for Rickettsia rickettsii
Vector
American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis)
Rocky Mountain wood tick (Dermacentor andersoni)
Brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus)
tick borne illness that invades capillary endothelium leading to inflammation and small vessel vasculitis.
Rickettsia ricketsii, RMSF
In RMSF, when does the rash typically appear?
Around day 9 of infection
What stain can be used to better visualize rickettsia?
Giemsa
Two weeks ago, little Jill brought home lice. Her parents were able to treat it with a shampoo and lice comb. Now, she is starting to have a fever and headache. What kind of rash is likely to develop?
Little jill has likely been infected with rickettsia prowazekii which is carried by lice. She will likely develop a rash that starts on the trunk and spreads but spareds the palms and soles. It will consist of small, pink, macules.
Rickettsia infects blood vessels. Which rickettsia infects larger vessels?
rickettsia prowazeki, which can lead to arterial thrombosis and gangrene
