Into to Metabolism

Question 1

At rest, how much oxygen does a human consume?

Answer 1

250ml of oxygen per minuet

Question 2

Define oxidation and reduction

Answer 2

Oxidation - Addition of oxygen molecules (removal of electrons) Reduction - Removal of oxygen molecules (addition of electrons)

Question 3

Define Anabolism and Catabolism

Answer 3

Anabolism - Processes of building large molecules from smaller molecules, this requires energy Catabolism - Breakdown of larger moles into smaller molecules, releases energy.

Question 4

Define metabolism

Answer 4

Means by which organisms extract energy from environment to synthesize large molecules

Question 5

When can a reaction occur spontaneously?

Answer 5

If the free energy change is negative

Question 6

Give the equation for change in free energy (delta G)

Answer 6

Question 7

How can the metabolism be regulated?

Answer 7

1. Changes in the substrates and products of pathways 2. Changes in the amount of key enzymes 3. Changes in the activity of key enzymes (allosteric changes, effects of substrate and downstream products on enzymes and covalent modification of enzymes.)

Question 8

What is ATP required for?

Answer 8

Body movement via muscular contraction Cellular movements via cytoskeleton Active transport Synthesis of large molecules.

Question 9

What molecules are used as fuel for the body?

Answer 9

ATP, ADP, AMP, GTP and GDP (Guanosine tri/di-phosphate)