Into to Human Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
Anatomy and physiology are difficult to separate because
Physiological functions depend on anatomical structures
Assimilation
Changing absorbed substances in different chemical forms
Blood cells are produced in the organs of the
Skeletal system
Homeostasis is the
Tendency of the body to maintain a stable internal environment
In negative feedback mechanisms, changes away from the normal state
Stimulate changes in the opposite direction
Living Organisms
A release energy stored in the molecules of food
Metabolism
All the chemical reactions occurring in an organism that support life
Most of the terminology to name and describe body parts and their functions comes from
Latin and Greek
Positive Feedback mechanisms
Move conditions away from the normal state
A person has alkalemia of blood PH
Rise above 7.5
A simple carbohydrate
has a molecular formula of C6 H12 O6
A triglyceride consist
3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol
An organic compound always contain
Carbon and hydrogen
Atomic radiation is useful for treating cancer because
Radiation harms cancer cells more readily than it does most non cancerous cells
Chemistry is important to the study of physiology because
All the above
DNA
Stores genetic information including instructions for the enzymes that synthesis fats and carbs
DNA and RNA
DNA holds genetic information and RNA use the information to synthesis protein
In a covalent bond
Atoms share a pair or more of electrons
In a ionic bond
Oppositely charged atoms attract
Lipids
All of the above
Matter is composed of elements which is composed of
Atoms
Nucleic acids are
Composed of building blocks called nucleotides
On a PH scale
All of the answer choices are correct
A cell surrounded by an extremely thin; flexible membranes. Why is membrane selectively permeable
It allows all substances to pass through and excludes others based on size, polarity, and other factors.
A hypotonic
Has a lower concentration (number) of impermeant to solute than do the cells in the solution
A protein that span the cells membrane is termed a
Integral protein
A temporary cell that is no longer useful for development undergoes preprogrammed cell death during this process
The cell can no longer adhere to other cells
About how many cells constitute the body of an adult
50 to 100 trillion
Build up of incorrectly fielded proteins induces stress known protein response (UPR) that when prolonged has a high correlation with neurodegenerative such as Parkinson which organelle is likely malfunctions and allowing for build up
Lysosome
Cell membranes are described as fluid mosaic that maintains stability while still allowing movement what component maintains most of the flexibility of the membrane
Phospholid bilayer
centromeres of replicated chromosomes separate during mitotic
Anaphase
Chromosomes duplicate during
Interphase
Endoplasmic reticulum is best described as a
Network of interconnected membranes
If a red blood cells is placed in hypotonic solution
the cell will swell and may eventually burst
In phagocytosis
A cell membrane engulfs droplets
Stages of the cell cycle unfold in the following older
Interphase, mitosis, cytoplasmic, division, and differentiation
The function of nucleus is to
Direct the activities of the cell
The major components of the cell membranes are
Lipids and proteins
The movement of molecules through a membrane by filtration requires
hydrostatic pressure
The nucleolus contains
RNA and proteins
The three major parts of a cell are
The nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane
What characteristics do simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion share
Both move substances from region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration without using cellular energy
The anatomical term indicates a structure close to the surface
Superficial
The thoracic cavity lies superior to the abdominopelvic cavity
Superior
Which of the following is a positive feed back mechanism
Uterine contractions during childbirth
Which of the following is Not an example of a negative homeostatic mechanism in the human body
Retention of fluid leading to retention of more fluid
Which of the following is not part of the female reproductive system
the bulbourethral gland
Which of the following describes a lysosome
A tiny membranous sac that contains enzymes that degrade worn
cells and debris
Which organelle contain nucleolus
The nucleus
A cell is the basic unit of structure and function of a organism
True
