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GI Pharmacology > Intestinal motility, secretion, nausea and vomiting > Flashcards

Intestinal motility, secretion, nausea and vomiting Flashcards

1
Q

what type of mechanism is vomiting

A

defence

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2
Q

what is the main site for sensing emetic stimuli

A

Chemoreceptor trigger zone

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3
Q

which cells sense toxic chemicals/toxins in the gut

A

Enterochromaffin cells

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4
Q

examples of antihistamines

A

cyclizine, promethazine, diphenhydramine

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5
Q

which receptors are antihistamines antagonists for

A

H1 receptors in the brain

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6
Q

when are antihistamines indicated

A

naseau and vomiting - motion sickness

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7
Q

side effects of antihistamines

A

sedation

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8
Q

example of antimuscarinic

A

scopolamine (Hyoscine)

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9
Q

what are antimuscarnics indicated for

A

motion sickness

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10
Q

side effects of antimuscarincs

A

dry mouth
tachycardia
constipation

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11
Q

examples of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists

A

ondansetron
granisetron
palonosetron

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12
Q

where do 5-HT3 receptor antagonists act

A

CTZ of medulla in hindbrain

GI tract

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13
Q

side effects of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists

A

constipation, diarrhoea, headache

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14
Q

examples of dopamine receptor antagonists

A 
chlorpromazine
droperidol
haloperidol
prochlorperazine
metoclopyramide 
domperidone
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15
Q

where do D2 receptor antagonists act

A

CTZ of medulla in hindbrain

GI tract

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16
Q

which dopamine receptor antagonists doesn’t act at the CTZ

A

domperidone

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17
Q

examples of Neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists

A

fosaprepitant

aprepitant

18
Q

where do NK1 receptor antagonists act

A

CTZ

19
Q

what do NK1 receptor antagonists block the effect of

A

substance P

20
Q

side effects of NK1 receptor antagonists

A

constipation

headache

21
Q

examples of anti-diarrhoeal drugs

A

loperamide

diphenoxylate

22
Q

side effects of anti-diarrhoeal drugs

A

constipation
sedation
respiratory depression

23
Q

what is the bulk forming laxative

A

ispaghula husk

24
Q

what is the osmotic laxative called

A

lactulose

25
Q

what is the stimulant purgative laxative that increases electrolyte and water secretion from renal mucosa

A

Senna

26
Q

cyclizine

A

antihistamine

27
Q

promethazine

A

antihistamine

28
Q

diphenhydramine

A

antihistamine

29
Q

scopolamine

A

antimuscarinic

30
Q

ondansetron

A

5-HT3 receptor antagonist

31
Q

granisetron

A

5-HT3 receptor antagonist

32
Q

palonosetron

A

5-HT3 receptor antagonist

33
Q

chlorpromazine

A

dopamine receptor antagonist

34
Q

droperidol

A

dopamine receptor antagonist

35
Q

haloperidol

A

dopamine receptor antagonist

36
Q

prochlorperazine

A

dopamine receptor antagonist

37
Q

metoclopramide

A

dopamine receptor antagonist

38
Q

domperidone

A

dopamine receptor antagonist

39
Q

fosaprepitant

A

NK1 receptor antagonist

40
Q

aprepitant

A

NK1 receptor antagonist

41
Q

loperamide

A

anti-diarrhoeal drug

42
Q

diphenoxylate

A

anti-diarrhoeal drug

GI Pharmacology (3 decks)

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