Intestinal Carcinoma Flashcards

1
Q

what is the most positive risk factor for colon cancer?

A

family history

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2
Q

what are four complications of GI polyps?
what are the two type?
what are the two gross appearances?

A

hemorrhage
obstruction
intussusception
malignant transformation

types: nonneoplastic/neoplastic
gross: pedunculated/sessile

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3
Q

greater than what size increases the change of carcinoma of a adenomatous polyp?

A

> 2cm

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4
Q

penetration through which layer will give malignant cells access to submucosal lymphatic channels?

A

Muscularis mucosa

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5
Q

What level are all sessile polyps with invasive carcinoma according to Haggitts criteria? how should it be managed?

A

level 4

Tx: colectomy

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6
Q

what is the “T” grading of the TNM scaling for GI carcinomas?

A
Tis - Carcinoma in situ (through lamina propria)
T1 - submucosa
T2 - Muscularis propria
T3 - Subserosa
T4 - other organs perforated
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7
Q

Where in the colon are colorectal cancers most common?

A

Sigmoid

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8
Q

What is the perforation a/w in the context of colorectal cancer?

A

high rate of local recurrence

low survival

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9
Q

What is the most common cause of large bowel obstruction?

A

colorectal cancer

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10
Q

What are the three types of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)

A
  1. Gardner’s - osteomas, desmoid tumors
  2. Turcot’s - CNS tumors
  3. Attenuated FAP - mutations on 5’ end = short proteins = alot less polyps
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11
Q

What genes are involved with HNPCC/Lynch Syndrome?

A

Mismatch repair genes (MMR)

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