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Modern World History > Interwar Years > Flashcards

Interwar Years Flashcards

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1
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A

Ended WWI, anti-Germany (reparations, can’t invade, etc)

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2
Q

The Great Depression

A

US stock market crash 1929, spread to Europe, high unemployment and poverty, overall economic instability

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3
Q

Mandate system

A

European countries (England, France) were “assigned” to Middle Eastern countries to help lead and maintain control

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4
Q

Sykes-Picot

A

1916 secret treaty between England and France establishing mandates in the Middle East

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5
Q

Balfour declaration

A

Document released by British officer expressing the desire to create a Jewish nation-state in Palestine, prompting many Jews to move to the area and creating conflict with Muslims, who also viewed Palestine as their homeland

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6
Q

Arab nationalism

A

Arab independence from Ottoman Empire declared in 1916 with British support, little loyalty to country but more to Arabia ( shared language, religion)

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7
Q

authoritarianism and totalitarianism

A

strict obedience to the gov (or other authority) in exchange for personal freedoms, tends to be dictatorial

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8
Q

Dictator

A

a leader with complete control over their country, normally won by force

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9
Q

Facism

A

characterized by militarism, violence and force, glorification of the past, nationalism, revolution, xenophobia, dictatorship

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10
Q

Collectivization

A

replacing individual ownership and operation with collective ownership typically done by the gov

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11
Q

Communism

A

all property is publicly owned, economic equality

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12
Q

Benito Mussolini

A

“il duce” Italian dictator 1920s-40s, creator of Fascism

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13
Q

Origins of Facism

A

a mix of left-wing (revolution) and right-wing (militarism, nationalism) ideas, grows when people are looking for structural change

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14
Q

Joseph Stalin

A

Leader of Russia 1920s-50s, authoritarian, communist, somewhat popular during his time, propaganda master

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15
Q

“Socialism in One Country”

A

Communist revolution was originally supposed to be a global movement, but Russia, not disagreeing, decided to strengthen socialism within their own country first

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16
Q

Collectivization (Ukraine)

A

farms brought under gov control, created famine and death, Ukraine considers it a genocide

17
Q

Five Year Plan

A

Stalin’s improvement plan for Russia, included modernizing the economy, creating industry, industrializing, being able to defend itself

18
Q

Gulags and Purges

A

Gulags were labor camps mostly for political prisoners in an attempt to purge possible enemies from the USSR

19
Q

Weimar Republic

A

New German gov in the 1920s, democratic, economic problems, multi-party system

20
Q

1933 Reichstag Fire

A

Fire at the German parliament building in Berlin, purposeful attack, Hitler blamed communists

21
Q

1933 Enabling Act

A

Hitler got emergency power for 4 years, he has complete control, can override laws, constitution, parliament, etc

22
Q

National Socialist German Workers’ (Nazi) Party

A

Political minority in early 1930s, gained popularity mid 1930s due to Hitler and desire for change, eventually became the only party, responsible for the Holocaust

23
Q

Adolf Hitler

A

Leader (president and chancellor) of Germany in the 1930s-40s, leader of the Nazi Party, created anti-Semitic laws, concentration camps, responsible for the Holocaust

24
Q

1935 Nuremberg Laws

A

Anti-Semitic legislation, Jews stripped of civil rights and citizenship, defined as separate race, intermarriage forbidden

25
Q

1938 Anschluss (Austria) and Sudetenland (Czechoslovakia)

A

invasion/annexation of of Austria and Czechoslovakia in search for lebensraum, German-speaking and culturally similar regions so thought the people wouldn’t mind

26
Q

1938 Kristallnacht

A

night of the broken glass, riots against Jewish places-synagogues burned, businesses destroyed, homes looted, Jews arrested,

27
Q

Lebensraum

A

living space, Hitler wanted more space for the German people, who he deemed superior, to live

28
Q

Japan military state

A

Emperor is in charge of military, military can do what they want, values strong military, nationalism, anti-capitalist and anti-USSR

Modern World History (4 decks)

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