Interviewing & Observation (Ch. 4)

Question 1

What is the purpose of intake interviews?

Answer 1

Establish type of problem, figure out whether or not services are appropriate, taking down the patient’s history, and building rapport.

Question 2

What are problem-referral interviews?

Answer 2

Interviewer is to make recommendations or decision, is an independent medical exam, is designed to answer questions, and is not for treatment.

Question 3

What are orientation interviews?

Answer 3

They are there to provide information to client about services or procedures.

Question 4

What are termination & debriefing interviews?

Answer 4

They are held at the end of treatment, and to provide information about the outcome of assessments.

Question 5

What are crisis interviews?

Answer 5

The client is in crisis and is in need of help. This is to solve a short-term problem.

Question 6

What is the difference between a semi-structured interview and a fully structured interview?

Answer 6

A semi-structured interview has open and closed questions depending on how the conversation goes. A fully structured interview is very reliable, you don’t need to be a clinician, can look into a lot of different diagnostic categories, and facilitates comprehensiveness.

Question 7

What are the disadvantages of a fully structured interview?

Answer 7

It may inhibit your rapport with your client, you have no clinical judgement, and no clarification of incomplete answers that may suggest interviewee did not understand the question.

Question 8

What is involved in Stage 1 in the interview process?

Answer 8

Provide info regarding confidentiality and informed consent, build rapport, and establish a helping focus.

Question 9

What is involved in Stage 2 in the interview process?

Answer 9

Gathering information about the client, practicing active listening

Question 10

What is active listening?

Answer 10

A way of attending and encouraging without shaping the way the teller is sharing their story. It involves paying close attention, and being absorbed in the conversation and the conversation only.

Question 11

What is involved in Stage 3 in the interview process?

Answer 11

Signalling that the meeting is coming to a close, praising client for their cooperation, seeking feedback or questions from client, and if appropriate, confirm plans for future contact.

Question 12

What are invitational skills?

Answer 12

Involve all non-verbal and verbal contact that is seen as invitational. This involves eye contact, body position, attentive silence, voice tone, gestures and facial expressions, physical distance, and opening skills.

Question 13

What are encouragers (opening skill)?

Answer 13

Non-coercive invitation to talk, “door openers”, minimal encouragers

Question 14

What is an open question?

Answer 14

Open-ended questions that allow the client more freedom in their response. Generally better than closed questions.

Question 15

What is a closed question?

Answer 15

Typically a yes/no question that does not facilitate further conversation.

Question 16

What are reflecting skills?

Answer 16

The ability to reflect words and feelings and to clarify that you have understood them correctly.

Question 17

What are advanced reflecting skills?

Answer 17

The therapist has the ability to make connections among the content, emotions, or meanings expressed in many client statements or even during many sessions. The therapist provides new information for the client, who may be unaware that the issue is resurfacing so often.

Question 18

Why are “why” questions bad during an interview?

Answer 18

It implies that the therapist knows the answer, implies knowing the answer will be helpful, raises defensiveness, and gets people to start thinking, which is not always good. The emotional processing becomes decreased, and there is an increase in intellectualization and and rationalization. It usually used when a therapist feels stuck and they feel the need to fill the silence.

Question 19

What are leading questions?

Answer 19

It is a question that prompts or encourages the desired answer. Leading questions are not helpful to a client, they do not facilitate direct communication, and they are a subtle argument. It is ethically and morally wrong to sneakily give advice to a client.

Question 20

What is naturalistic observation?

Answer 20

It is an observation method commonly used by psychologists and other social scientists. This technique involves observing subjects in their natural environment (eg: School, home, hospital)

Question 21

What is controlled observation?

Answer 21

It is a type of observational study where the conditions are contrived by the researcher/therapist. This type of observation may be carried out in a laboratory type situation and because variables are manipulated is said to be high in control. (eg: role play tests, assertiveness tests, physiological measures, etc.)

Question 22

What is the behavioral avoidance test (BAT)?

Answer 22

is a behavioural procedure in which the therapist measures how long the client can tolerate an anxiety-inducing stimulus. The BAT falls under the exposure-based methods of behaviour therapy.