Humanistic Therapy Flashcards
What are some of the core features of humanistic therapy?
- There is a focus on the individual.
- A client’s life can only be understood when viewed from the client’s perspective.
- People are inherently “good” and capable of making choices.
- The therapeutic relationship is a central component of humanistic therapy.
- Clients are seen as equal to therapists. A therapist is not condescending.
- There is a focus is humanistic therapy on experiencing and exploring confusing or painful emotions.
What is logotherapy?
The theory is founded on the belief that human nature is motivated by the search for a life purpose; logotherapy is the pursuit of that meaning for one’s life.
Who was Viktor Frankl?
He developed logotherapy. His theories were heavily influenced by his personal experiences of suffering and loss in Nazi concentration camps.
Who was Carl Rogers?
Carl R. Rogers is known as the father of client-centered therapy. Throughout his career he dedicated himself to humanistic psychology and is well known for his theory of personality development. He began developing his humanistic concept while working with abused children.
What were Carl Rogers’ necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change?
- Two persons must be in psychological contact.
- The first (client) is in a state of in-congruence, feeling vulnerable or anxious.
- The second person (therapist) is congruent or integrated in the relationship.
- The therapist experiences unconditional positive regard for the client.
- The therapist experiences an empathic understanding of the client’s internal frame of reference and endeavors to communicate this experience to the client.
- The communication to the client of the therapist’s empathic understanding and unconditional positive regard is to a minimal degree achieved.
What are some of the limitations of client-centred therapy?
- Actualization tendency- Carl Rogers worked with people motivated for change.
- Emphasis on relationship vs. technique. Some therapists argue that that technique can be helpful.
What are minimal encouragers?
Minimal encouragers are the subtle, nonverbal, and short verbal actions which encourage the speaker to express him/herself more fully.
What are some examples of minimal encouragers?
- eye contact–appropriately looking at the speaker
- body position–turning around, not sitting behind a desk
- verbal encouragers–uh-huh, yes, sure
- gestures–nodding head in agreement, holding up “okay” sign
What is paraphrasing in therapy?
Paraphrasing occurs when the therapist states what the client has just said, using fewer words but without changing the meaning of what the client said. When utilizing this skill, you attempt to feed back the essence of what the person has just said.
What is summarizing in therapy?
In a summarization, the therapist combines two or more of the client’s thoughts, feelings or behaviors into a general theme. Summarization is usually used as a skill during choice points of an interview in which the therapist wants to draw connections between two or more topics.
What is gestalt therapy?
Gestalt therapy is an existential/experiential form of psychotherapy that emphasizes personal responsibility, and that focuses upon the individual’s experience in the present moment, the therapist–client relationship, the environmental and social contexts of a person’s life, and the self-regulating adjustments people make as a result of their overall situation.
What is one of the most important performance components in gestalt therapy?
A shift in representation of the other.
