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Interview Flash Cards

1
Q

8 Signature Behaviours (PREPARED)

A

Pause, listen, learn - experience = opportunity
Ready, set, go - activate and motivate
Encourage, understand, support - trust your team
Put yourself in the picture - take pride
Authentically engage - it’s ok to ask
Recognise and reward - celebrate success
Ethical and professional - lead by example
Dignity and trust - act with integrity

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2
Q

Drug and Fluid Formulae (Drip rate (infusions); infusion duration; injection dose)

A 
Drip rate (infusions) 
DPM =            Vol/                  drip factor/
              time (minutes)    x           1

Infusion duration
Duration (hours) = Vol/. Drip factor/
DPM X. 60

Injection dose
Dose = Strength required/. Volume of strength available/
Strength available. X. 1

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3
Q

iGel Size Guide (101.06.1)

A

1: Neonate - 2-5kg
1. 5: Infant - 5-12kg
2: Small Paed - 10-25kg
2. 5: Large Pad - 25-35kg
3: Small Adult - 30-60kg
4: Medium Adult - 50-90kg
5: Large Adult - 90+kg

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4
Q

LMA Size Guide (101.06)

A

2: 10-20kg
2. 5: 20-30kg
3: 30-50kg
4: 50-70kg
5: 70+kg

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5
Q

Oxygen Delivery Percentages (102.02)

A 
Hudson @4L: 35%
Hudson @8L: 50%
Hudson @15L: 65%
NRB @15L: >65%
BVM @15L: 100%
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6
Q

NPA Size Guide (101.03)

A
  1. 5: 6m-3yo
  2. 5: 4yo-8yo
  3. 5: 9yo-15yo
  4. 5: adolescent
  5. 5: small adult
  6. 5: large adult
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7
Q

Straight Talk principles (speaker)

A
  1. State the purpose
  2. Describe behaviour specifically
  3. Describe the effect on you
  4. Give an opportunity to respond
  5. State what you’d like differently
  6. Return responsibility and offer support
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8
Q

Straight Talk (listener)

A
  1. Have the conversation
  2. Act respectfully
  3. Clarify critical information
  4. Don’t argue thoughts/feelings/perceptions
  5. Respect reasonable requests
  6. Cut the other person some slack
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9
Q

CORE Values

A

Collaboration - encourage teamwork
Openness - responsibility and accountability
Respect - show care and respect
Empowerment - professional standard of behaviour.

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10
Q

CRM Notes

A

Phase change - e.g. arrival of back up, ROSC, extrication. Pause, reassess plans, task allocation.

Leadership - Identify team leader. Consider temporary delegation when undertaking complex tasks.

Situational awareness - avoid becoming task-focused. Ensure task allocation appropriate to skill level. 1 paramedic monitor clock (defibrillator 2 min)

Communication - closed loop to decrease risk of error. Use graded assertiveness where required.

Teamwork - cohesive, provide support as required.

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11
Q

CRM 1: Know your environment

A

Know the location and function of equipment.
Logically structured, well-labelled environment
Use cognitive aids e.g. equipment maps
Regular training
Know role and level of experience of team members.

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12
Q

CRM 2: Anticipate, share and review the plan.

A 
Think ahead and contingency plans
Dynamic priorities
Re-evaluate periodically
Anticipate delays
Use call-and-respond checklists
Share plan with others
Think out loud and periodic briefings
Encourage team members to share thoughts and plans
Continually review plan
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13
Q

CRM 3: Provide effective leadership

A

Least confrontational approach consistent with goal
Participative decision making to increase team buy in
Direct, authoritative when necessary
Establish behaviour and performance expectations
Establish and maintain team shared model and goals
Monitor internal and external team environments
Leader provides debrief after crisis

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14
Q

CRM 4: Ensure role clarity and good teamwork

A

Allocate team roles
Explicit handover when roles are changed during a task
Team members should be active with good followership
Team members recognise when affected by stress and develop appropriate self care
All team members equally responsible for ensuring good patient outcomes

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15
Q

CRM 5: Communicate effectively

A 
Distribute information and update shared model
Closed loop communication
Be assertive
Avoid personal attacks
Resolve conflict
Maintain relationships
Facilitate collaborative efforts
Cross check with team members
Avoid unnecessary mitigating language
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16
Q

CRM 6: Call for help early

A

Be aware of barriers
Predefined criteria for help
Call early
Mobilise all available resources

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17
Q

CRM 7: Allocate attention wisely - avoid fixation

A

Be aware of “fixation error” - decreased situational awareness
Prioritise tasks, focus on most important
Delegate tasks to others
Use all available information
Continually observe monitors, repeat assessments periodically

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18
Q

CRM 8: Distribute workload, monitor and support team members

A

Team leader if “hands off” - stand back if possible to maintain situational awareness and oversee team
Assign tasks according to defined roles
Team leader supports team members in tasks
Reallocate roles as tasks are completed or evolve in complexity

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19
Q

Organic causes of behavioural disturbance (6)

A 
Hypoxia
Head injury
Hypo/hyperglycaemia
Infection
Drug/Alcohol affected
Other impairments - e.g. ASD in unfamiliar surroundings
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20
Q

Mental Health Assessment “STATE” (104.13)

A

Signs and symptoms of abnormal/unusual MH
Thoughts - delusions, hallucinations, suicidal ideation, illogical thinking
Appearance
Threats/acts of harm to self/others
Emotions - sad, distressed, angry, hopeless

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21
Q

Risk of Suicide “THREAT” (104.13)

A 
Thinking of suicide
Hx of previous attempts
Reasons and circumstances
Emotionally distressed
Access to lethal means
Tactics and plans
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22
Q

Establish rapport “CARE” (104.13)

A

Calmly identify yourself - non-judgemental tone
Ask Pt name and concern, confirm understanding by paraphrasing back
Reassure - listen and reaffirm you want to help
Effectively communicate with simple words and sentences - adjust complexity of questions to decrease misunderstanding

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23
Q

6 Escalation levels risk of violence assessment (104.13)

A
  1. Violence - use of physical/emotional force
  2. Aggression - persistent patterns threatening harm
  3. Hostility - attempt to force/coerce to accept view even if it entails harm
  4. Anger - ranges from mild irritation to intense fury
  5. Anxiety - mental distress or uneasiness caused by fear of danger/misfortune
  6. Calm - under control

** Hx of violence/risky behaviour, agitated behaviour, current disturbed state e.g. mania, paranoia, hallucinations, delusions

24
Q

Lateral posture indications

A

Syncope
Non-incubated unconscious
Continuous vomiting/upper airway bleeding with decreased LOC
Chest injuries with severe flail or pulmonary haemorrhage - affected side down

25
Left lateral posture indications | Left lateral with buttocks elevated posture indications
Hypotensive, pregnant >20w Venous air embolism from lacerated major neck veins or dialysis emergencies Buttocks elevated: prolapsed umbilical cord
26
Supine posture indications | 10 degree head elevation posture indications
Shocked patients unless dyspnoeic Spinal injuries Diving emergencies Cardiac arrest Head elevation: all head injuries
27
Supine legs raised posture indications | Supine knees raised posture indications
Legs raised: Severe hypovolaemia shock | Knees raised: abdominal injuries
28
Sitting posture indications | Sitting, legs dependent posture indications
``` Conscious respiratory distress Facial and neck injuries not involving the major neck veins Eye injuries Suspected AMI Hypertensive crisis Epistaxis Croup and epiglottitis Conscious vomiting ``` Sitting, legs dependent: Cardiogenic pulmonary oedema
29
SVT Mimickers (103.10)
``` Dehydration Sepsis Medications/drugs Hypovolaemia Exertion Other causes of tachycardia. ``` Perform differential Hx and simple tests e.g. elevate legs, fluid challenge. 180-200+ more likely to be SVT in adult ~150 could be SVT or mimicker.
30
Locating greater trochanters for T-Pod
1. Pt supine, bring arms down beside Pt. Point where wrists lie next to body = GT. 2. Locate top of pubic symphysis. Draw line across hips. Outside of Pt = GT.
31
High risk/increased index of suspicion of pelvic injury (106.14)
``` High risk: MVC especially side impact MBC Vehicle vs pedestrian/cyclist >65yo Crush/compressive force Fall from height Fallen from, trampled, or crushed by livestock ``` Increased index of suspicion: Decreased LOC Drug or alcohol affected Significant distracting injury
32
LMA Complications (101.06)
``` Cough/gag reflex/doesn’t tolerate Inadequate expansion Cuff overinflation Malposition Vomiting, regurgitation Cuff not inflated/staying inflated ```
33
LVAD (103.11)
CPR only if flow <1.5L/min VF - do not defibrillated if conscious, do not sedate for cardioversion Do not use mechanical compression device. ECG, SpO2, pulses and BP unrecordable or unreliable
34
Pad Placement (103.5.4)
>= 9yo - Anterior and lateral. Sternum pad below R clavicle; apex pad lateral to heart apex <= 8yo - Anterior-Posterior. Sternum pad posterior left chest. Apex pad anterior left chest. Pacemaker - >8cm from PPM/ICD, or consider anterior/posterior.
35
CPR Ratios (103.2)
Adults >=9yo - 30:2 at 0bpm 0-1 (infants) and <9yo (children) - 15:2; 1-8 at <40bpm and unconscious and infants at <60bpm and unconscious Newborn (minutes to hours): 3:1
36
5 Steps in Multiple Victim Situation (104.11)
1. Raise alarm, reconnoiter, report, take command 2. Move victims from danger, give a basic field treatment 3. Move victims to triage point for labelling 4. Move patients to treatment area. 5. Transport patients to hospital
37
IVC Complications (108.2.1)
``` Extravasation Thrombophlebitis Haematoma Venous air embolism Disconnection ```
38
Dx of spinal cord injury in unconscious patients (104.14)
Paradoxical breathing (lost intercostals) Flaccid limbs No response to pain below lesion No reflexes below lesion Penile erection (Priapism) Low SBP (<100) with normal HR/bradycardia
39
Valsalva Manoeuvre Phases (103.10)
Phase 1: Onset of strain: increased intrathoracic pressure with compressive effect on aorta = increased BP Phase 2: Continuing strain: high intrathoracic pressure impedes venous return, filling pressure and stroke volume = decreased BP Phase 3: Cessation of strain: Suddenly aortic compression is stopped = decreased BP Phase 4: Recovery phase: increased venous return, increased stroke volume, reflexive decreased HR = increased BP.
40
CT6 Contraindications (106.8)
``` ?Pelvic # where binding not in place # hip/NOF Knee, lower leg and/or ankle injuries - can splint without traction. ```
41
Withholding CPR (Trauma T20/Medical C2)
TRAUMA Injuries incompatible with life Evidence of significant time lapses since pulselessness - dependent lividity, rigorous mortis, decomposition Evidence of blunt trauma with absent signs of life (unresponsive, apnoeic, pulseless, asystole) after clearing A, unless medical cause or extenuating circumstances exist ``` MEDICAL Injuries incompatible with life Evidence of significant time lapses since pulselessness - dependent lividity, rigorous mortis, decomposition No CPR >20min prior to arrival At direction of medical practitioner ```
42
Lethal Triad (T10)
``` Haemodynamic decompensation = death: Hypothermia Acidosis Coagulopathy (major haemorrhage, hypothermia, dilution of clotting factors = impacts normal blood clot formation = coagulopathy) ```
43
Worthing Physiological Score (104.1) >=16yo
Score. 0. 1. 2. 3 RR. <=19. 20-21. >=22 HR. <=101. >=102 SBP. >=100. <=99 Temp. >=35.3. <35.3 SpO2 RA. 96-100. 94-96. 92-<94. <92 AVPU. Alert. Other 0-1 = Well; 2-4 = At risk; >5 = critical
44
Pump Set (108.1)
Rapid infusion CSL >=13yo Drip factor = 20drops/mL
45
Burette (108.1)
Precise infusion Adrenaline infusion - add adrenaline prior to priming line. Fill with 90mLs CSL. Close burette filling regulator. Swab injecting port. Add adrenaline. Drip factor = 60 drops/mL Has microdrip chamber at base
46
Auto-Start (108.1)
``` Metered infusion CSL <12yo 10% glucose Drip factor 20 drops/mL (from pump set) Flow through device with no drip factor Fill chamber and primer pump set prior to measuring infusion amount. ```
47
Clinical Features of Post Partum Haemorrhage (113.4)
``` Blood loss >500mL, less if symptomatic Soft, boggy, uncontracted uterus Tachycardia Hypotension Pale ``` Primary - within 24 hours. Uterine agony/retained placenta Secondary - 1/7-6/52 - retained placenta/infection
48
Significant Burns (107.3)
Inhalation injury or trauma All circumferential Partial/full with TBSA >20% adults or >10% paediatric Special areas - face, head, neck, hands, feet, genitalia, perineum, major joints Electrical or chemical Patient very young or very old Pregnancy
49
Immediate Tx criteria for burns (107.3)
``` Hoarse voice Inspiratory stridor See-saw breathing Singed facial/nasal hair Carbonaceous material around mouth/nose or in sputum ```
50
Newborn, neonatal, and infancy definitions (103.4)
Newborn: first minutes to hours Neonatal: first 28 days of life Infancy neonatal through to 1 year.
51
Motor Function Assessments (104.14)
``` Shrug shoulders = C4 Bend Elbows = C5 Push wrist back = C6 Open and close hands = C6 Flex hip = L1/L2 Extend knee = L3 Pull foot up = L4 Push foot down = L5/S1 ```
52
APGAR (O7)
0. 1. 2. Appearance. Blue/Pale. Body Pink/Extremeties Blue. All pink Pulse. Absent. <100bpm. >=100bpm Grimace. None. Grimaces. Cries Activity. Limp. Some flexion of extremeties. Active motion Resp Effort. Absent. Slow, irregular. Good, strong cry
53
Indicators for Neuro/Spinal Assessment (104.14)
``` Spine subject to Axial load Hyper-extension Hyper-flexion Hyper-rotation Pt >65 and fallen (including from standing height) ```
54
NEXUS Spinal Criteria
``` Focal neurological deficit Midline spinal tenderness Altered LOC Intoxicated Distracting injury ```
55
Reversible Causes of Cardiac Arrest (103.2)
``` Hypoxia Hypovolaemia Hyperkalaemia Hyper/hypothermia Tension pneumothorax Thrombosis Toxins/poisons/drugs Tamponade Anaphylaxis ```

ICP (2 decks)

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