Exam Prep Flashcards
In evades to the parasympathetic nervous system, which of the following is INCORRECT?
A) involves a 2 neuron system
B) involves a long preganglionic neuron followed by a short post ganglion is neuron
C) involves a synapse in the autonomic chain ganglia
D) is a feed or breed system
A) involves a 2 neuron system - CORRECT - it is a 2 neuron system.
B) involves a long preganglionic neuron followed by a short post ganglion is neuron - correct
***C) involves a synapse in the autonomic chain ganglia - incorrect - this is in the SNS
D) is a feed or breed system - correct - also known as rest and digest.
In regard to sympathetic post ganglionic neuron which of the following is INCORRECT?
A) monoamine oxidase is mostly responsible for noradrenaline metabolism
B) noradrenaline is released by exocytosis following neuronal Ca++ influx
C) alpha2 agonist increases noradrenaline release
D) uptake 1 can be inhibited by cocaine
A) monoamine oxidase is mostly responsible for noradrenaline metabolism - CORRECT
B) noradrenaline is released by exocytosis following neuronal Ca++ influx - correct
C) alpha2 agonist increases noradrenaline release - incorrect - alpha2 agonism decreases NA release
D) uptake 1 can be inhibited by cocaine - correct
In regards to the sympathetic nervous system which of the following is CORRECT?
A) exits the cranial sacral nerve roots, adrenergic agonism of postganglionic receptors and peripheral vasoconstriction
B) pupillary dilation, decreased GIT motility and increased cardiac rate due to muscarinic receptor agonism from acetylcholine
C) vasodilation of skeletal muscle, salivary secretion inhibition and synapses in the autonomic chain ganglia
D) pupillary constriction, decreased GIT motility and increased force of contraction of cardiac muscle due to adrenregic agonism from noradrenaline and adrenaline
A) exits the cranial sacral nerve roots, adrenergic agonism of postganglionic receptors and peripheral vasoconstriction - incorrect, this is PSNS
B) pupillary dilation, decreased GIT motility and increased cardiac rate due to muscarinic receptor agonism from acetylcholine - incorrect, this is due to alpha and beta stimulation
C) vasodilation of skeletal muscle, salivary secretion inhibition and synapses in the autonomic chain ganglia - CORRECT
D) pupillary constriction, decreased GIT motility and increased force of contraction of cardiac muscle due to adrenregic agonism from noradrenaline and adrenaline - incorrect, should be pupillary dilation
Outline the structure of the Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathetic - short preganglionic neuron, long post ganglionic, thoracolumbar chain ganglion, approx. a pre: 20 post nerve in relation. Preganglionic neuron is myelinated, post is unmyelinated.
Parasympathetic - long preganglionic neuron, short post ganglionic, NO chain ganglion, 1:1 innervation (some texts suggest up to 1:4). Preganglionic neuron is myelinated. Post is unmyelinated.
Beta blockers, in regard to their use in the management of myocardial ischaemia, will influence the activity of the heart by:
A) increasing the automaticity if the AV node
B) increasing the force of contraction of ventricular muscle
C) decreasing the force of contraction of the ventricular muscle
D) increasing the force of contraction of atrial muscle
A) increasing the automaticity if the AV node - incorrect, they would decrease it
B) increasing the force of contraction of ventricular muscle - incorrect, they would decrease FOC
C) decreasing the force of contraction of the ventricular muscle - CORRECT
D) increasing the force of contraction of atrial muscle - incorrect, they would decrease it
