Interventions

Question 1

What are the main positive interventions?

Answer 1

1. Increasing hedonic set-point.
2. Sustainable happiness model.
3. Broaden-and-builden model.
4. Hope training.
5. Acceptance and commitment training.
6. Positive personalised interventions.

Question 2

What entails hope training?

Answer 2

Enhancing the subjective belief that people have well-developed goals and they have the ability to reach them. This entails the behaviour-change strategies. Avoid false hope syndrome.

Question 3

What are the differences between ACT and CBT?

Answer 3

1. Content vs role of thought.
2. Type vs function of behaviour.
3. Reducing symptoms vs adapting to symptoms.

Question 4

Explain mindfulness.

Answer 4

1. Ellen Langer’s approach: awareness and mindlessness.
2. Buddhist approach: mindfulness (self-regulating en openness to experience) and mindfulness mediation (intention, attention and attitude).

Question 5

What are the differences between the two mindfulness approaches?

Answer 5

Ellen approach: awareness is used to create new ways of thinking, mindfulness fosters a more positive sense of self.
Buddhist approach: new knowledge does not necessarily have to be used, increase in well-being through increase in understanding.

Question 6

What are the mechanisms involved in mindfulness-based stress reduction interventions?

Answer 6

1. increased mindful awareness.
2. exposure.
3. acceptance.
4. attentional control.
5. memory.
6. values clarification.
7. behavioural self-regulation.

Question 7

Meta-analysis. What factors are involved in the effectiveness of these interventions.

Answer 7

• fit between individual and intervention.
• motivation to become happier (intrinsic motivation).
• belief SWB is malleable.
• effort.