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PHAR 153 > Intertrigo / Contact Derm / Poison Ivy / Lice & Scabies > Flashcards

Intertrigo / Contact Derm / Poison Ivy / Lice & Scabies Flashcards

1
Q

Common causes of Allergic Contact Dermatitis?

A

-Nickel
-Poison Ivy
-Latex
-Food
-Fragrances

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2
Q

Common causes of Irritant Contact Dermatitis?

A

-Soaps
-Cleansers
-Water
-Detergents
-Oils
-Paints
-Hair Dyes

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3
Q

How might we go about identifying allergens that may trigger Allergic Contact Dermatitis?

A

Patch Tests

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4
Q

Most common medication agents that induce ACD?

A

Topical Antibiotics

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5
Q

What type of Contact Dermatitis is most commonly seen with BP-induced flareups in Acne treatment?

A

Irritant Contact Dermatitis (ACD extremely small % of population)

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6
Q

Chronic irritant exposure leads to what skin process?

A

Keratinization in & around affected area (protective measure put in place by the body).

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7
Q

Treatment of Acute Contact Dermatitis?

A

-Cool Wet Dressings QID x 20mins (to alleviate some of the discomfort associated with blistering).

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8
Q

Treatment of Sub-Acute Contact Dermatitis?

A

-Discontinuation of wet dressings
-Steroid Lotions / Creams

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9
Q

Treatment of Chronic Contact Dermatitis?

A

-Warm water soaks (to soften up keratinized skin)
-Dry skin creams
-Steroid Creams / Ointments

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10
Q

What is the difference between a “wet dressing” & a “water soak” as they pertain to CD treatment?

A

Dressing = Gauze or Facecloth + Cool Water.

Soak = Placement of AA in Warm Water… No Dressings.

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11
Q

What needs to supplement warm water soaks in CCD treatments?

A

-Follow up with a steroid cream or ointment… Dry, unmedicated skin cream for sure.

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12
Q

What does Intertrigo describe?

A

-Location!!! Problem itself can be a multitude of things (Psoriasis / Fungal / Bacterial Infection), but the basis of Intertrigo is contact between two skin folds.

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13
Q

What non-medical measures can be undertaken to combat Intertrigo?

A

i) Keeping AA’s as clean & dry as possible.

ii) Very tight-fitting clothing (to prevent two areas around skin folds from contacting each other).

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14
Q

What is the name of the resin that spreads an allergic rash in response to Poison Ivy exposure?

A

Urushiol (from broken / burned plants)

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15
Q

What does Poison Ivy look like?

A

-Burning, red rash within 12-48hrs of exposure
-Often see streaking
-Blistering

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16
Q

Can blisters spread Poison Ivy rash?

A

-No… Urushiol Oils do!

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17
Q

What can be used to alleviate redness / itchiness from Poison Ivy rash?

A

-Cool Compresses
-Calamine
-Topical Steroid

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18
Q

How long does it take mild rxn’s from Ivy exposure to subside?

A

7-10 days

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19
Q

Can plant oils secreted from Poison Ivy persist on clothing for years on end?

A

Yeppers!

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20
Q

If a Topical Steroid is chosen to treat Poison Ivy-Induced Rash, what product should we jump to?

A

-Spectro EczemaCare BID 2-3 days… HC 1% not strong enough of an agent (need something more potent).

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21
Q

What length of time is required for a Lice Nymph to emerge from their eggs?

A

6-10 days

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22
Q

How long do female lice survive for, & how many eggs / day do they usually lay?

A

1-3 months
5-10 eggs / day

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23
Q

How do Lice spread?

A

Head Contact (between two people)
Bedding / Towels / Hats
Combs & Brushes

DO NOT JUMP TO NEW HOSTS!!!

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24
Q

Do Lice discriminate who they target (ie. Clean vs. Dirty Hair)?

A

-Nope… Can survive showering & washing by closing their gills off.

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25
Q

If Lice are found in bedding or on towels, how viable are they? In hats?

A

-Not very… Probably in the process of dying, as they prefer the warmth of a human head.

-In hats, likely more viable b/c of the more frequented head contact.

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26
Q

Other name for lice eggs?

A

Nits

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27
Q

Do Nits wash out?

A

Nope

28
Q

Where do Nits / Lice generally present themselves on the scalp?

A

Back of the scalp & around ear lobes

29
Q

What lice product was taken off the market due to its seizural effects on kids taking it chronically for Scabies?

A

Kwellada

30
Q

Why is GBH / Lindane safe for treating kids with lice & not for treating Scabies?

A

-Contact duration… 8-12hrs in every bodily crevice for Scabies (vs. 8mins of exposure in shampoos for lice treatment).

31
Q

Name of the Pyrethrum compound in certain plants that acts as a natural insecticide?

A

Chrysanthemum

32
Q

What product did Chrysanthemum ultimately make its way into?

A

R & C Shampoo

33
Q

What additional agent is added to R & C Shampoos to enhance the potency of Pyrethrins (either via lasting longer or by increasing ability to enter lice bodies)?

A

Piperonyl Butoxide

34
Q

What unique instructions should be followed when taking a Pyrethrin Shampoo for one’s lice?

A

-Application should be to dry (not wet) hair.
-Contact time = 10mins.

35
Q

Is there a potential for lice resistance to Pyrethrin agents?

A

Potentially

36
Q

Location (in terms of depth in/on the hair & scalp) of Louse & Nits?

A

Nits: Tightly attached to hair strands.
Lice: Crawl around on the scalp.

37
Q

What use would a Pyrethrin product containing Lead have?

A

-For use on lice-infested garments / bedding / mattresses / furniture… NOT for use on humans or pets.

R & C II Spray

38
Q

Permethrin 1% is a _______ ________ derivative.

A

synthetic pyrethroid

39
Q

T or F: Permethrin has enhanced potency (relative to a classical Pyrethrin).

A

True.

40
Q

T or F: Permethrin is extremely safe to use with children.

A

True.

41
Q

Directions for Permethrin 1% usage?

A

1) Wash hair with shampoo
2) Creme rinse x 10mins
3) Rinse out

42
Q

T or F: Lice resistance can be demonstrated with Permethrin products.

A

True… Is a possibility.

43
Q

T or F: Permethrin & Pyrethrin products don’t require nit removal.

A

False… Must remove nits after treatments!

44
Q

Brand name creme rinses containing Permethrin 1%?

A

Nix
Kwellada-P

45
Q

“Physical Agents” that can be used for lice treatment?

A

Isopropyl Myristate
Coconut / Anise Oil
Dimethicone
SH-206 Shampoo

46
Q

Isopropyl Myristate treatment regimen for lice?

A

10min contact time
Nit Pick
Repeat in 7d

47
Q

Coconut / Anise Oil treatment regimen for lice?

A

15min contact time
Nit Pick
Repeat in 9 days

48
Q

Dimethicone treatment regimen for lice?

A

30min Contact Time & Nit Combing with product in the hair
Overnight treatment = 8hrs contact
Nit Pick
Re-Apply prn

49
Q

Why does persistent itch occur ~1wk after scalp infestation with lice?

A

-Lice secretes anticoagulant, which is the root cause of the itch.

50
Q

1st line lice product?

A

NYDA Dimethicone

51
Q

Utilization of heat (from hair straighteners or blow dryers) & bug-busting (combing with a lice comb w/o use of medicated shampoo) are two good lice treatment strategies.

A

-False… Both are not very effective.

52
Q

What lice product was forced to be withdrawn from a Calgary feed shop that saw customers buying it for SARS-CoV2 treatment?

A

Ivermectin

53
Q

What other products have been used as lice treatment strategies?

A

Dry-On Suffocation (Cetaphil Lotion)
Lice Electrocution
Tea Tree Oil (insecticidal, but to what capacity?)
Ulesfia
Natroba

54
Q

Lice treatment expectations… When will itch go away, how fast do they work, when can my kids go back to school?

A

i) Few days & itch will go away
ii) ~10mins to work
iii) Next day

55
Q

Why is nit comb dipping in vinegar discouraged when one is on a Permethrin product such as Nix?

A

-Vinegar reduces the residual effects of Permethrin!

-Secondarily; not enough contact time for Nit glue dissolving with simple dipping.

56
Q

Is there a treatment for body lice?

A

-Nope… Only option is to treat clothing.

57
Q

What product is officially indicated on its packaging for the treatment of pubic lice?

A

Pyrethrins (R & C Shampoo)

58
Q

How do we treat pubic lice?

A

-Treat once with Pyrethrin product & shave the area.

-Note that other Physical Agents discussed priorly can (probably) be used for treating pubic lice, but Pyrethrins are officially indicated on their packaging.

59
Q

Main transmission route of Scabies?

A

Person-to-Person contact

60
Q

Secondary transmission route of Scabies?

A

Bedding & Clothing

61
Q

Where are Scabies mites predominantly located?

A

Between fingers & on the wrists

62
Q

What diagnostic sign indicates the potential location of Scabies mites?

A

-Blue dots where burrowing has taken place.

63
Q

What makes Scabies treatment frustrating for patients?

A

-Must treat head-to-toe.
-Itch persists for a few weeks.
-Requires blind treatment of close contacts.

64
Q

Product for Scabies treatment?

A

Permethrin 5% dermal cream / lotion

65
Q

How do blind treatments for Scabies differ from Lice?

A

Scabies: 12hrs full body contact once, then follow-up treatment 7 days later.

Lice: Treat blindly every 7-9 days with safer current agents.

PHAR 153 (10 decks)

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