Intertidal Communities

Question 1

Spring Tide

Answer 1

the biweekly time, corresponding to full and new moons, of maximum tidal vertical range(sun, earth, moon are in line) 2 tides occur each lunar month

Question 2

Neap Tide

Answer 2

tides occurring when the vertical range is minimal (sun, earth, and moon form right angels) 2 tides occur each lunar month

Question 3

Important Tide Levels

Answer 3

I do not know

Question 4

zonation

Answer 4

occurrence of single species or groups of species in recognizable bands that might delineate a range of water depth or a range of height in the intertidal zone

Question 5

settlement

Answer 5

planktonic larvae reach a stage at which they must locate the adult habitat, where they will settle and attach before metamorphosis;the process by which
larvae contact a substrate, determine its
suitability, and either accept or reject the
site

Question 6

keystone predator

Answer 6

a predator at the top of a food web, or discrete subweb, capable of consuming organisms of more than one trophic level beneath it. Often more broadly define as any species that has broad impacts on a community

Question 7

diffuse predatation

Answer 7

Competitive dominant
removed by predation spread over multiple
predatory species

Question 8

suspension feeding

Answer 8

organism that feeds by capturing particles suspended in the water column

Question 9

deposit feeding

Answer 9

organism that derives its nutrition by consuming some fraction of a soft sediment

Question 10

thixotropy

Answer 10

property of watery sediment where it liquefies more when a pressure is applied to it

Question 11

meiofauna

Answer 11

“Interstitial” fauna; Pass through a 0.5 mm (500 μm) screen but are retained on a 0.062 mm (62 μm)
screen

Question 12

redox potential discontinuity

Answer 12

that depth below the sediment-water interface marking the transition from chemically oxidative to reducing processes

Question 13

bioturbation

Answer 13

reworking of soils and sediments by animals or plants such as annelids or mussels; burrowing, ingestion and defecation of sediment grains, mixes the sediment matrix

Question 14

epibenthic

Answer 14

living on the surface of the seabed

Question 15

epifauna

Answer 15

animals living on the surface of the seabed

Question 16

infauna

Answer 16

living within a soft sediment and being large enough to displace sedimentary grains

Question 17

demersal

Answer 17

nektonic, but associated with the seabed

Question 18

microbial stripping hypothesis

Answer 18

when a deposit feeder feeds on sediment, it digests the microbial organisms on particulate organic matter with great efficiency but digests the particulate organic matter itself with very low efficiency

Question 19

particle size selection by suspension feeders

Answer 19

most infaunal suspension feeders in soft sediments generate a current into the nurrow or siphon and strain plankton on a feeding organ. epifaunal-smaller sediment size (mean is .25-.5) infaunal- larger sediment size(mean is .5-1.0)

Question 20

recruitment

Answer 20

the residue of those larvae that have dispersed, settled at adult site, made some final movements toward the adult habitat, metamorphosed successfully, and survived to be detected by the observer

Question 21

particulate organic matter

Answer 21

particulate material in the sea derived from the decomposition of the non-mineral constituents of living organisms