Interstitial Lung Diseases Flashcards
What does the clinical picture of IPF look like? (Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis)?
Asymptomatic, only abnormal radiographs
Inhaling what causes scarring of the lung?
Silica
What are the signs of IPF?
Most commonly clubbing, hypoxemia and cyanosis are also good signs
What do the Puminary functions of IPF show?
Normal FEV1/FVC ratio, but a decrease in FEV1 and FVC, and greatly decreased DLCO, lung diffusion capacity
What is the gold standard for chest imaging in patients with ILD?
CT scan
The CT scan of patients with ILD/ IPF is?
Honeycombing and ground glass opacity
What does a Bronchoalveolar lavage reveal in IPF patients?
Increase in neutrophils and eosinophils
What is Transbronchial lung biopsy?
Minimally invasive often come at the same time as a BAL, allows collection of big samples with few artifacts, but big risk of pneumothorax and mild bleeding
Explain Percutaneous needle biopsy
Under LA, a needle is inserted through the chest, provides smaller samples with a risk of pneumothorax and bleeding
What is IPF?
A progressive interstitial pneumonia in older adults
What is the prognosis of IPF?
Deadly, fatal, no reversal
why is it important to accurately diagnose IPF?
Because there are 2 new trialed drugs that ‘might’ help
What are the 2 drugs for IPF?
Pirfenidone and Nintedanib
Explain how Pirfenidone and Nintedanib function?
They target the fibrotic cascade, to decrease fibroblasts and myofibroblasts
What is the associated GIT side effect of Pirfenidone?
Nausea
