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Internal Medicine 1: Respiratory > Asthma > Flashcards

Asthma Flashcards

1
Q

Explain the pathogenesis of Asthma

A

Activation of MAST and Th2 cells in the airways produces the mediators of inflammation

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2
Q

What are the mediators of inflammation?

A

Histamine, cytokines, and leukotrienes

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3
Q

What maintains the airway inflammation and prolongs it?

A

Eosinophils

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4
Q

What is the Clinical Picture of asthma?

A

Wheezing, coughing, chest tightness

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5
Q

Patients with persistent asthma present with?

A

Asymptomatic between their attacks

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6
Q

All asthma symptoms always worsen at which time of day?

A

Night time

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7
Q

Persistent asthma is more common in which age group?

A

Older people

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8
Q

Severe airway obstruction in severe asthma leads to something called?

A

Silent chest

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9
Q

What is the chief diagnostic method for asthma?

A

Spirometry

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10
Q

What spirometry values indicate asthma?

A

IF FEV1 is increased by 12% and 200ml, that indicates a reversible airflow limitation, consistent with asthma

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11
Q

What is the Peak Expiratory flow used for?

A

To induce bronchospasm

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12
Q

What is FeNO?

A

A direct measurement of the airway inflammation

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13
Q

What are the elevated FeNO values for adults and children?

A

> 50 for adults and >35 for children

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14
Q

What is the skin prick test?

A

We drop an allergen on the skin, prick it, then check its reaction

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15
Q

Why do we do an X-ray in asthma?

A

Only to exclude other diseases, should appear normal in asthma

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16
Q

What are Lab Tests for asthma?

A

Peripheral blood eosinophil level

17
Q

What are the Reliever drugs (relief bronchospasm)?

A

SABAs, anti-cholinergics, and oral B2 short acting agonists, basically anything short acting

18
Q

What are the controller drugs (control airway inflammation)?

A

LABAs, corticosteroids, long acting oral B2 agonists, long acting anti-cholinergics. Long acting stuff basically

Internal Medicine 1: Respiratory (6 decks)

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