Intersensory processing Flashcards
What is meant by unimodal neurons?
Neurons which respond to one sensory modality, e.g. taste, smell, etc.
What is meant by bimodal neuron?
Respond to multiple stimuli (e.g. taste and smell, taste and vision, etc.)
What is the role ofthe orbitofrontal cortex?
A secondary taste area which has input from visual and olfactory stimuli – multisensory input area!
What suggests that the orbitofrontal cortex is an area of multisensory processing?
Unimodal and bimodal neurons converge in this area
What evidence suggests that the visual system is dominant over the auditory system?
“Da da” experiment, where you hear the sound that the person is making visually, despite different audio being matched up to it
What effect is demonstrated by the “da da”/”ga ga” experiment?
The McGurk effect
Describe an example of somatosensory interaction with auditory perception
Present the sound “ba” with a puff of air to the back of the neck, and people will hear “pa”
What odors are typically preferred in the summer?
Fruity odors and coffee
What odors are typically preferred in the winter?
Spice odors, rose, pineapple (might be a cultural thing)
What is sonic seasoning?
Playing an auditory stimulus which will enhance taste
What are 2 key properties of stem cells?
Have the ability to self-renew
Have the ability to differentiate into many cell types
Where do embryonic stem cells come from?
The blastula has a little inner cell mass, ES come from there
What is a key issue with ES cells?
They come from a human source: ethics issue
What are iPS?
Cells which have been “de-differentiated” back into their stem cell form
What 4 factors are commonly administered to cells to get them to become iPS?
Oct4
Sox2
Klf4
Myc
