Interpretation Flashcards
What symptoms and hearing loss characteristics might be observed in patients with outer ear conditions?
What symptoms and hearing loss characteristics might be observed in patients with middle ear conditions?
What symptoms and hearing loss characteristics might be observed in patients with OHC lesion?
What symptoms and hearing loss characteristics might be observed in patients with IHC lesion?
What symptoms and hearing loss characteristics might be observed in patients with CN VIII lesion?
What symptoms and hearing loss characteristics might be observed in patients with brainstem and higher lesion?
Describe Meniere’s disease
Endolymphatic hydrops
Inner ear disease
Excessive endolymphatic fluid pressure in the membranous labyrinth; causing Reissner’s membrane to distend
Episodic attacks of vertigo, hearing loss, roaring or low-pitch tinnitus, fullness/pressure in the ear
Attacks last 20mins to several hours
Configuration: low-frequency, rising SNHL
Cochlear Meniere’s (no vertigo) and Vestibular Meniere’s (no hearing loss)
Describe noise-induced hearing loss
Notched on audiogram, typically at 3000-6000 Hz due to exposure to intense sound levels
Describe otitis media with effusion
Presence of fluid in the middle ear in absence of acute infection
Associated with CHL
Describe otosclerosis
Disease of temporal bone
Replaced by spongy bone that may harden or become sclerotic.
Usually affects oval window and stapedial footplate; typically bilateral
CHL with Carhart’s notch (2k Hz)
Describe super canal dehiscence (3rd window)
Inner ear disorder
Section of bone enclosing the SSCD is open or extremely thin
Vertigo, nystagmus, oscillating visual field - induced by sound or pressure events
CHL w/ ABGs in low-mid frequencies; usually better than expected BC thresholds
Describe auditory neuropathy/dys-synchrony
Abnormal results on physiological testing of CN VIII (ART) + normal results on OHC function (OAEs)
Absent ABR + Present OAE
Elevated or absent ART
Binaural neural hearing loss
Describe acoustic neuroma
aka vestibular schwannoma
CN VIII tumors
Unilateral hearing disturbance, typically progressive but can be sudden
Tinnitus, dizziness, facial numbness, gait disturbances, headaches
Typically high frequency hearing loss
Must be surgically removed
Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence (SSCD) and Large Ventricle Aqueduct (LVA) or (EVA, LVAS, EVAS) are pathologies in the category called ___________________.
third window
What is characteristic of SSCD?
ABG is observed in spite of normal middle ear functions due to elevated AC thresholds because sound energy escapes from the dehiscence or EVA instead of being routed through the round window, while the BC signal reaching the basilar membrane is unaffected or improved.
What is intracranial hypertension?
Increased pressure in the skull; associated with many neurological conditions
What is syringohydromeylia?
Fluid-filled cyst forms on spinal cord
What is Chiari malformation?
Brain tissue protrudes into spinal canal
What is arachnoiditis?
Persistent inflammation of the arachnoid mater and subarachnoid space due to mechanical, chemical, or infectious causes
What is subarachnoid hemorrhages?
Bleeding in the space that surrounds the brain
What is meningitis?
Bacterial - acute CNS infection that could result in brain damage and hearing loss
Severe-profound SNHL
What is multiple sclerosis?
Chronic disease of CNS
Autoimmune disorder; body attacks itself
Which pathologies would likely present with inconsistencies in responses during audiometry?
Pseudyhypacusis
Tinnitus
Auditory neuropathy
Which pathologies would likely result in progressive hearing loss?
Aging
Noise induced hearing loss
Acoustic tumors
Meniere’s disease
Ototoxicity
Which pathologies would typically present with greater hearing loss in the low frequencies compared to the mid or high frequencies?
Meniere’s disease
Otitis media
TM perforation
