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Internetworking Fundamentals > Internetworking Basics > Flashcards

Internetworking Basics Flashcards

1
Q

What is a LAN?

A

Limited-distance network that enables workgroup communication. Facilitates and manages interconnection of a variety of communicating equipment within a limited geographic boundary.

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2
Q

What media can be used for a LAN?

A

copper wire, coax, fiber optic, wireless (radio and optical)

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3
Q

How many users can use a LAN?

A

Up to 1024.

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4
Q

What kind of resources or apps are traditionally used in a LAN?

A

Printer, hard disk, scanner, database, accounting, management, file transfers, file sharing

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5
Q

What kind of resources or apps are more recently also used in LANs?

A

Video conferencing, screen sharing, multimedia database, server access > corporate internet and internet.

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6
Q

Name 3 basic network connectivity devices.

A

Network Interface Card (NIC) and transceiver, repeater, hub

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7
Q

What does a NIC do?

A

Network interface card allows physical connectivity to network via a transceiver that connects to both the NIC and the network medium

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8
Q

What is a NIC?

A
  • Network Interface Card
  • usually a single-circuit board mounted internally in a work station
  • has a 6-byte hardware (MAC) address that identifies the particular computer in a network segment (hardwired; usually cannot be changed)
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9
Q

What does a transceiver do?

A

Transmits/receives data to/from the network. Converts electrical signaling to/from wire.

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10
Q

What did a repeater do in bygone eras?

A

Regenerate and amplify weak signals when the network cables spanned long distances

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11
Q

What does a repeater do today?

A

Nothing. It’s been replaced by a repeating hub.

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12
Q

What is a hub?

A
  • Point on the network where circuits are connected; allows for interconnection; is a “concentrator”
  • The core of a physical star configuration in a LAN.
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13
Q

Is a hub active or passive?

A

It can be either.

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14
Q

T/F: a hub does not transmit info to all parties.

A

F. It does not screen, so it does transmit info to all parties.

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15
Q

Where are hubs found?

A

Usually in Ethernet workgroups.

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16
Q

What connects workstations to the hub?

A

Cat5 UTP cable and RJ-45 connectors.

17
Q

How many ports can a hub have?

A

5-100 ports

18
Q

What do internetworking connectivity devices do?

A

…connect multiple networks, dummy

19
Q

Are internetworking devices active or passive?

A

Active.

20
Q

Are networking devices active or passive?

A

Passive.

21
Q

Name 4 basic internetworking devices.

A

Bridge, gateway, router, switch

22
Q

What does a bridge do?

A

Moves data from one network segment to another.

23
Q

What OSI layer does a bridge function at?

A

Layer 1, but enhancements lets bridges in Layer 2 make connection between disparate LANs by encapsulating/translating the originating segments to match the target network

24
Q

What does a gateway do?

A

Converts data from one protocol to another

25
Q

Where are gateways used?

A

Between two networks

26
Q

Name two examples of gateways

A

Routers, firewalls

27
Q

What does a router do?

A

Connects two or more networks by sending data packets from one network to another by choosing the best/fastest route.

28
Q

What does a switch do?

A

Similar to a hub, but can direct transmission to specific workstations (not broadcast)

29
Q

What is network topology?

A

The physical configuration of the network.

30
Q

Name 3 types of network topology

A

Bus, Ring, Star

31
Q

Pros and Cons of bus topology?

A

Simple to set up; prone to congestion

32
Q

Describe ring topology

A

Media forms a closed circuit; data flows in one direction around the ring

33
Q

Describe star topology

A

Hub or switch is located in a wiring closet with cabling to each workstation

34
Q

What is a network backbone?

A
  • configuration of a network

- layout concept for how signaling will take place

35
Q

Name and describe two types of network backbone

A
  • Distributed: LANs connect to one router each, which are connected together on higher-speed backbone
  • Collapsed: multiple LANs are connected to one router; internetworking devices can make a department server located in the data center appear to be connected directly to workgroup
36
Q

What’s the difference between logical and physical topology?

A
  • Hubs and switches can support either Ethernet or Token Ring, for example, so the physical layer of wires may not match the data transfer process (logical). Physical can be star while logical is bus or token ring.
  • Logical: addresses mapped to workgroup via addressing so that data is transmitted to appropriate receiver
  • Physical: signal shifts along wire and wire path must be followed. No control over who sees data (broadcasted)
37
Q

What are the two categories of LAN connectivity devices?

A

Network, internetwork

Internetworking Fundamentals (3 decks)

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