International Trade and Aid

Question 1

What is trade

Answer 1

Trade Is the buying and sell of goods and services we want and need
Trade involves the exchange of goods or services in return for other goods or services or money

Question 2

What is it called when countries rely on one another for certain foods

Answer 2

Interdependent

Question 3

Balance of trade

Answer 3

The difference between imports and exports

Question 4

Trade deficit

Answer 4

Spending more on imports than is earned on exports

Question 5

Trade surplus

Answer 5

Earring more on exports than is spent on imports

Question 6

Imports

Answer 6

Goods that are bought by one country from other countries

Question 7

Exports

Answer 7

Goods that are sold by one country to other countries

Question 8

How do trade surpluses and deficits affect a country economy

Answer 8

A trade surplus allows the countries economy to grow while trade deficit makes a country poorer

Question 9

What do MEDCS usually import and export

Answer 9

Import= raw materials and primary products
Export=manufactured goods eg. Cars (usually high value/expensive)

Question 10

What do LEDCS usually import and export

Answer 10

Import =manufactured goods
Export=primary products eg. coffee, fruit, mine(gold/diamonds) etc (raw materials)
These exports are usually of low value and cheap

Question 11

Commodity

Answer 11

Something that’s grown or mined from the Earth and then traded on the world market eg. coffee

Question 12

Cash crop

Answer 12

Is crop people grow mainly for export eg, coffee

Question 13

Manufactured goods

Answer 13

Good made in factories

Question 14

Who are the top 3 coffe producers

Answer 14

Brazil(31.5%)
Columbia(11%)
Vietnam(10%)

Question 15

What sort of things do you need to grow coffee

Answer 15

-warm climate (mainly grown in tropics)
-dry weather for harvest
-think it was first discovered in Ethiopia
-global industry

Question 16

What are the steps of fair trade

Answer 16

-The foundation buys coffee beans directly from groups of coffee farmers
-it offers them a fair price for the coffee-enough to live on plus profit
-it pays part of the money in advance, before the coffee is harvested so that farmers don’t run short
-it get’s supermarkets to sell the coffee, stamped with fair trade logo
-people who want to help the coffee farmers can but it and they don’t mind that it costs a bit more

Question 18

What do fair trade farmers offer in return

Answer 18

In return for their business fair trade coffee farmers make some promises. Fir example,r to treat their workers fairly abd ti look after the environment

Question 19

What are so,e example fair trade items

Answer 19

-chocolate
-flowers
-tea
-coffee
-cotton
-sugar
-vanilla
-bananas
-wine
-almonds

Question 20

What is aid

Answer 20

Lending assistance to countries or communities who are in need

Question 21

What can aid be

Answer 21

Aid, assistance or help will normally be financial but I can also take the firm of goods, skills, service and knowledge

Question 22

Who gives aid

Answer 22

Typically aid is given by wealthier countries or organisations to those who are less developed

Question 23

Development aid

Answer 23

The primary aim is to create long term sustainable economic growth

Question 24

Humanitarian aid

Answer 24

The primary aim is to provide emergency relief in times of disaster or crisis

Question 25

Examples of short term aid

Answer 25

-food parcels -blankets and tents -rescue workers -refugee camp -emergency services

Question 26

Long term aid examples

Answer 26

-improving water supply -modernising farming -building a dam -setting up fair trade -training local people

Question 27

What are the four different types of aid

Answer 27

Multilateral Bilateral Emergency Charitable

Question 28

Multilateral

Answer 28

This is money that is given by many countries to organisations such as world health organisation (WHO) and the United Nations (UN). These organisations then decide who gets what aid

Question 29

Bilateral

Answer 29

This is the aid given directly from the government of one country to another. It is often ‘tied’. This means the LEDC has to buy goods from the doner in return eg. Arms and manufactured goods

Question 30

Emergency aid

Answer 30

This is short term aid given to countries to help them cope with the effects of natural disasters, like tsunamis or human events like war

Question 32

Charitable aid

Answer 32

Non-government organisations (NGOs) such as oxfam and practical action collect money for people in LEDCs. This ais is given independently of governments. Money comes from donations made by the public. Theses charities aim to help people in LEDCs help themselves

Question 33

What is water aid

Answer 33

Water aid is a uk based charity that provides water pumps to communities in LEDCs

Question 34

What is water aid an example of

Answer 34

A non-governmental organisation or NGO

Question 35

Problem with aid

Answer 35

-aid doesn’t reach the needy -aid creates debt -problems with distribution of aid -problems with the use of the product -aid is unsuitable -aid is tied -export earnings are needs to pay off debts -aid undermines local producers -aid create dependence

Question 35

Positives of aid

Answer 35

-it can save lives after natural disasters by limiting disease and drawing people out who are stuck -raises awareness for the country and boosts funds for future development -can encourage girls to school which impacts society -lower drug crisis if people focus on food farming rather than crops like opium (improves agriculture) -medical assistance can prevent spread of disease eg. Clean water or vaccines

Question 36

How many people in Ghana have no access to clean water

Answer 36

5 million

Question 37

How does water aid work

Answer 37

Water aid supplies the know-how the materials for lining the well and the pump. Everyone in the village joins in to help clear the site,dig and carry soil away. Some villagers are trained to look after the well and carry out repairs. With the help of the uk charity water aid they are digging wells for themselves

Question 38

How much is the cost of a hand dug well vs the cost of Akosombo dam

Answer 38

Hand dug=£1200 Akosombo= over 130million (1960)

Question 39

What does the top handle of the water pump do

Answer 39

Pushing down the handle draw water up the pipe

Question 40

What is the hard dug well lined with

Answer 40

Concrete and steel

Question 41

What dies soil and rock in the water pump do

Answer 41

At the bottom rocks and soil filter the water helping to keep it clean

Question 42

Wha5 dues the water pass through

Answer 42

The water passes through the valves in the plates down the pipe

Question 43

What is an N.I.C

Answer 43

Newly industrialised country

Question 44

What are some social effects of water aid

Answer 44

-Teachers happier to stay in the villages to teach -no more quarrels with neighbouring villages about water -people take more pride in the village -cooked food looks much better - clothing and homes kept cleaner -much less time taken to fetch water -less far to walk fir water, so less tired -more young people have time to go to school -much less illness so less spent on medicine

Question 45

What are some economic effects of wateraid

Answer 45

-more young people have time to go to school -much less illness, so less spent on medicine -much less time taken to fetch water -women potters can produce more pots -more people selling iced waters -visitors can be offered clean drinking water -more people cooking food to sell

Question 46

What is arrow to the ground

Answer 46

The water table is the top of the ground water (surface of saturation)