International relations and global politics

Question 1

What is international politics? Give examples.

Answer 1

political issues and actions made by states and non-state actors beyond state boundaries.
exchanges, transactions, contacts, the flow of info,

Question 2

How do we call the key actors in international politics?

Answer 2

global actors

Question 3

Name the 3 categories of global actors, explain and give examples of each.

Answer 3

Society of states: government leaders, UN, Countries, World Bank.
Market: Corporations, trade agreements
Culture/civil society: social movements, Greenpeace, red cross, protestor

Question 4

Explain what you need to have/be a global actor.

Answer 4

individual/entity that has the power (economic, political or military) to affect the global process and has the will to do so.

Question 5

What is an “Inter-paradigm” debate/theory

Answer 5

Way of seeing, understanding or simplifying the world

Question 6

Which of the 2 paradigm we saw in class is the “major one” in world politics? How did it used to be called and why?

Answer 6

Realism

Real-politik because it is very rational

Question 7

Give examples of people or countries that believe in realism.

Answer 7

Trump, North Korea, Russia

Question 8

Realism:

Politics is a game of _____. You want to have it for yourself and will base _____ to do so.

Answer 8

power

foreign policies

Question 9

Realism:
Want to have ___ power (_____, ______) . The struggle for it is ______.
People are _____, they will look for power.

Answer 9

Hard (military, economic)
in our DNA
predictable

Question 10

What are the 3 core assumptions of structural realism?

Answer 10

1- anarchy exists in world politics because there is no higher power.
2- States are sovereign.
3- States are rational unitary actors

Question 11

What are the 4 impactions of state behaviors in structural realism?

Answer 11

1- National security requires self-help - you are on your own.
2- One nation’s security = another nation’s insecurity
3- war is inevitable
4- order is achieved through balance of power, nobody is weaker.

Question 12

What are the 2 roles of morality in structural realism?

Answer 12

1- power trumps justice. Justice is subjective and set by the winner/powerful
2- world politics isnt about being good/evil. Sometimes need to do bad things to achieve good things.

Question 13

What is structural realism’s view on cooperation?

Answer 13

possibility of permanent cooperation and change is limited, because we are selfish. Only help you if it benifices me.

Question 14

What is the balancing thing? When does it happen

Answer 14

allies will rise against emerging powers or threats.

Happens with stronger states when there’s peace, or early stages of war.

Question 15

Explain the concept of bandwagonning. Who does that?

Answer 15

Joining dominant side to be on the winning side. More common in weaker states who cant balance.

Question 16

What is the second paradigm?

Answer 16

Liberalism

Question 17

In liberalism, there is the Katian Triangle in which _____, _____ and _____ _______ reinforces global propensity towards ___ and ______.

Answer 17

institutions, democracy and economic interdependance.

peace and cooperation.

Question 18

The 5 key assumptions of liberalism are…

Answer 18

1- you are not alone: survival doesnt only depend on self help
2- Hold on: security dilemma is not inevitable
3- Be good and do good: theres a role for justice and morality in world politics
4- give peace a chance: gain a lot alone, more if we work together
5- play well with others: seek partnership and cooperation.

Question 19

Why are instutions important in liberalism? What is the goal of liberal insitutionalism?

Answer 19

International institutions reduce anarchy.

provide opportunity for actors to avoid Hobbesian state of nature/realism. Give the people a place to talk it out.

Question 20

In liberalism, they beleive that as long as there’s _____, world politics will remain violent character and power-oriented.

Answer 20

anarchy

Question 21

What is liberal commercialism?

Answer 21

economic globalization and interdendance are reinforced because it creates peace long-term.

Question 22

Liberal internationalism believe that ___ is key. ______ dont get into wars.

Answer 22

Democracy

democracies

Question 23

Development is a condition that involves satisfying the ____ ____ and the _____ that make life worth living based on the creation of a ______, _____ and ______ economy, while remaining _______ ________.

Answer 23

basic needs
means
diversified, sophisticated, sustainable
environmentally sustainable

Question 24

Why is it necessary for the development to be sustanble?

Answer 24

Because it isnt development if it impossible to reproduce.

Question 25

A country that is developping will have ___ income, ____ GDP and ___ debt.

Answer 25

low, low, high

Question 26

A country that is developping will have their income _____ distributed.

Answer 26

unevenly

Question 27

A country that is developping will be focused on ___ industries, while a developped will be focused on ___, ___ and _____ industries.

Answer 27

primary
secondary
quaternary

Question 28

The farming in a developping country will be ______, but ___ and ____ in a developped country.

Answer 28

of subsistence

industrial and commercial

Question 29

In a developping countries, they will have social problems such as ___ and _____, while in a devlopped the country the problems will be based on exess like ______

Answer 29

hunger and food insecurity

overeating

Question 30

Name a consequence of low public services in develpping countries?

Answer 30

high infant mortality rate

Question 31

The goals of developpement are….

Answer 31

satisfy basic needs like food housing, clothing, water.

diverisfied economy and practice industry sectors

Question 32

How and when were the world financial institutions installed?

Answer 32

After WW2, Bretton Wood conference and decided that we should prioritize liberal ideologies of free-rade and stop the emergence of protectionis and neo-mercantilism.

Question 33

Name the 3 main financial institutions, and what they do?

Answer 33

GATT (WTO) = focus on free-trade
IMF (international monetary fund): emergency assistance
World Bank: last resort financial help/long term stabilization.

Question 34

In the modernization teory of (neo)liberalism, we say that inequalities are due to____/_____ _______.

Answer 34

social/technical developpment

Question 35

What are the criticism of the modernazition technique? 6

Answer 35

1- ignores larger context
2- blame countries
3- doesnt understand that all countries are different and have different situations.
4- doesnt talk about the fact that wealthy nations are the reason cause poverty.
5- ethnocentric
6- it is not garanteed that everyone will have good standards of living.

Question 36

Th modernization technique is like a bootcamp for countries. Name the steps that countries must take to get the financial help.

Answer 36

1- fiscal discipline (cute)
2- reduction of public expenditure/spending
3- tax reform
4- financial liberalization (no govt inteverention for interests rates)
5- currency devaluation
6- trade liberalization (no quotas on import)
7- promote foreign direct investments
8- deregulation of the economy
9- protection of property rights

Question 37

Explain the view of the world by Neo-marxists

Answer 37

Im poor cause you are rich.
Response to modernization theory
global inequalities are because exploitation of low inome states.

Question 38

what are the 3 ain criticism of neo-marxism

Answer 38

1- focuses only on external factors
2- inside some countries, people also benefit from the inequalities of the poor
3- some countries such as south korea grew fast, doubt that only the rich make the poor poor

Question 39

What is the name of the last system after neo-marxism and neo-liberalism

Answer 39

World system perspective of constructivism

Question 40

In the World system perspective of constructivism, they beleive that they should study the ___ instead of _____.
Globalisation is a new form of ________.
The economic and social developpment of a state is determined by the _____ and the ________.

Answer 40

world 
nation-states 
Imperialism 
structure 
Place of the state in the system

Question 41

In the World system perspective of constructivism, explain who is the core, the semi-periphery, the periphery an how they depend on each other.

Answer 41

C= bourgeoisis/wealthy states 
Semi-p= manufactures 
P= primary sector. 

C needs p and semi-p to make money.
semi-p needs p for cheap goods.
p needs c and semi-p to to buy their goods.

Question 42

Name as much of the 17 sustainable development goals.

Answer 42

1- no poverty
2- zero hunger 
3- good health and well-being 
4- quality education 
5- gender equality 
6- clean-water/sanitation 
7- affordable and clean Energie 
8- industry, innovation and infrastructures 
9- reduced inequalities 
10- sustainable cities and communities 
11- responsible production and consummation 
12- climate action 
13- life below water
14- life on land 
15- peace, justice, strong institutions 
16- partnership for goals 
17 decent work and economic growth