International Law & International Organization Flashcards
What is the nuclear non-proliferation treaty (1968)?
Non-proliferation by non-nuclear countries
Disarmament by existing nuclear powers (USA, USSR, France, UK, China)
The right to peacefully use nuclear technology
Administered by the International Atomic Energy Agency (1957)
What is proliferation?
An increase of weapons among states
What is vertical proliferation?
Incremental addition of a particular weapons system by states that already have the weapons
What is horizontal proliferation?
The spread of nuclear weapons to states that currently do not possess them
What is the proliferation timeline?
1945: U.S.
1949: Soviet Union
1952: U.K.
1960: France
1964: China
1970s: Israel
1998: Pakistan & India
2006: North Korea
What is international law?
Set of guidelines, both formal and informal, that nation governments recognize as potentially binding on themselves and on other national governments
What are the sources of international law?
General principles of law
International customs and practices
International treaties and conventions
Rulings by international judicial bodies
What is the sequence of international law?
ideas > norms > rules/regimes > IGOs
What is the optimistic perspective of international law?
Most states seem to comply most of the time
What is the pessimistic perspective of international law?
No centralized enforcement
When was the international crime court (ICC) created?
Negotiated: 1998 - 2000
Enacted: 2002
What does the ICC do?
Authorized to investigate, prosecute, and try individuals for 4 crimes: genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, crime of aggression
