International Law Flashcards
What was established after WWII to bolster international peace?
The United Nations
The UN aims to prevent future conflicts.
When did the United Nations Charter come into effect?
24 October 1945
This marked the formal establishment of the UN.
What are the six principal bodies established by the United Nations?
- The General Assembly
- The Security Council
- The International Court of Justice
- The Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)
- The Trusteeship Council
- UN Secretariat
These bodies play different roles in UN operations.
Which commission drafted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?
The United Human Rights Commission
Eleanor Roosevelt served as chairman of this commission.
When was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted?
10 December 1948
It contains 30 articles.
What is notable about the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in terms of translation?
It is the most translated document in the world according to the Guinness Book of World Records
According to the Guinness Book of World Records.
Is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights a formal treaty?
No, it is not a formal treaty so it does not bind individual countries
Therefore, it does not bind individual countries.
Who ratified the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?
The General Assembly of the United Nations
This indicates its acceptance by member states.
When was the Council of Europe formed?
1949
It is separate from the EU.
How many members do the Council of Europe and the EU have?
The Council of Europe has 47 members
The EU has 28
The EU has 28 members.
When and where was the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) signed?
In Rome, in 1950
It was signed in Rome.
When did the ECHR come into force?
1953
This marked the start of its legal implementation.
When did the ECHR formally become part of UK law?
1998
This was with the passing of the Human Rights Act (HRA).
What is the role of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR)?
To enforce the ECHR
It is located in Strasbourg.
Are the decisions of the ECtHR directly binding on the European Court of Justice (ECJ)?
No, they are not directly binding
However, the ECHR provides a baseline for rights protection.
Can EU law enhance protections provided by the ECHR?
Yes, EU law can enhance and extend protections, however its protections cannot fall lower than the standard provided by the ECHR
EU protections cannot fall below those of the ECHR.
