International Initiatives in Sustainability

Question 1

Which two books sparked environmental concern in the 1960’s

Answer 1

Ehrlich - The Population Bomb
Carson - Silent Spring

Question 2

Who was Canada’s representative at the 1982 UN conference

Answer 2

Maurice Strong

Question 3

UN Conference on the Human Environment

Answer 3

1972 - Stockholm
Produced the Stockholm Declaration
Established UNEP

Question 4

Stockholm Declaration

Answer 4

26 guiding principles for sustainability:
- human rights
- use of natural resources
- international cooperation

Question 5

Why did the Stockholm Declaration not lead to major change

Answer 5

The principles were loosely guided and hard to measure

Question 6

WCED

Answer 6

World Commission on Environment and Development (1983)
Chairwoman: Gro Harlem Brundtland (former PM of Sweden)
Mission: Create international community w/ shared sustainability goals

Question 7

Brundtland’s definition of sustainability

Answer 7

“Development that meets the need of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”

Question 8

Our Common Future

Answer 8

1987 - Brundtland report
- Established 3 pillars of sustainability: Environment, Social, Economic
- Outlined sustainability as a social construct that seeks to improve the quality of life for everyone
- First definition of sustainable development

Question 9

Millennium Development Goals

Answer 9

Launched by UN in 2000
8 goals targeted at fighting poverty:
- eradicate poverty, hunger, universal primary healthcare
- promote gender equality
- improve maternal health, reduce child mortality
- ensure environmental sustainability
- global partnership
Each goal contained specific definitions, measurements and steps

Question 10

Sustainable Development Goals

Answer 10

Proposed in UN conference on SD in Rio 2012
Built on the MDG’s, modified to be more holistic and universal to developed/developing countries

Question 11

5 P’s of the SDG’s

Answer 11

People
Planet
Prosperity
Peace
Partnership

Question 12

Agenda 21

Answer 12

adopted in Rio 1992 - first global action for sustainable development

Question 13

Manfred Max Neef’s 9 Human Needs

Answer 13

1. Subsistence
2. Protection
3. Participation
4. Idleness
5. Affection
6. Understanding
7. Creation
8. Identity
9. Freedom

Question 14

Synergistic satisfier

Answer 14

Satisfy multiple needs

Question 15

Destroyers

Answer 15

Stop us from meeting needs while acting as if they are satisfying another

Question 16

Pseudo satisfier

Answer 16

Generate a false sense of satisfying a need