Internal Regulation: Homeostasis and Motivated Behavior

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

Internal regulation (within specific range); physiological equilibrium; ex. stress hormones, metabolism, core temp

Question 2

Allostasis

Answer 2

challenge to the system that requires a change

Question 3

Anticipatory

Answer 3

internal signaling that tells hypothalamus something is happening so a reaction is needed

Question 4

Adaptive

Answer 4

Has to change, if it goes up it has to be able to go back down

Question 5

Negative Feedback Loop

Answer 5

Stimulus
Sensor
Control
Effector
back to stimulus

Question 6

Drive

Answer 6

balance something imbalanced, satisfies a biological need (outdated); ex: hunger

Question 7

Motivation

Answer 7

behavioral direction taken to satisfy the need; different between humans and nonhumans; based on reward/punishment, goals ex: seek food

Question 8

Hypothalamus

Answer 8

internal drives

Question 9

Amygdala

Answer 9

external drives

Question 10

Innate Releasing Mechanisms

Answer 10

brain is prewired for hunger, thirst, reproduction, and fear

Question 11

Generation of Motivation

Answer 11

reward-driven approach
reward anticipation
incentive salience
In Ventral Striatum Amygdala

Question 12

Maintenance of Motivation

Answer 12

value-based decision
associative learning
positive reward-prediction error
in Striatum OFC

Question 13

Regulation of Motivation

Answer 13

goal-directed control
cognitive control
negative reward-prediction error
in ACC DUPFC