Internal Organisational Environment

Question 1

describe

the functions of management

Answer 1

• (a) planning (to create short term and long term goals to achieve the goals a business and sourcing the necessary resources to accomplish these goals);
• (b) organising;
• (c) directing;
• (d) controlling;
• (e) coordinating;
• (f) delegating,
• (g) motivating.

Question 2

outline the responsibilities of management

responsibilities of management

Answer 2

Management responsibilities to:

(a) owners and shareholders (by maximising efficiency and creating
surpluses);

(b) employees (for example, providing adequate working conditions, training, maintaining good communication and human relations);

(c) society;

(d) customers;

(e) government

Question 3

essential characteristics of a good leader

Answer 3

• Honesty,
• flexibility,
• focus,
• trustworthiness,
• ability to make intelligent decisions

Question 4

simple organisational charts

Answer 4

(a) Line.

(b) Line and staff.

(c) Functional.

chain of command
span of control

Question 5

discuss the different leadership styles

different leadership styles

Answer 5

The advantages and disadvantages of different leadership styles: Autocratic,
Democratic,
Laissez-Faire.

Question 6

potential sources of conflict within an organisation

Answer 6

Internal sources of conflict, for example,
poor working conditions.

Question 7

outline

strategies used by employers and employees to gain an upper hand during periods of conflict

Answer 7

Employer strategies, for example,
* lock out and
* use of scab labour;
employee strategies, for example,
* strike action and
* * work to rule.

Question 8

describe

strategies for the resolution of conflict within an organisation

Answer 8

Strategies such as
* mediation,
* arbitration, and
* the value of trade union representation.
* Grievance procedure.

Question 9

establish

guidelines for the conduct of good management and staff relations in the workplace

Answer 9

Guidelines for establishing good relations between managers and employees.

Examples:

(a) good communication with workers;

(b) improve working conditions;

(c) motivating workers;

(d) practice good leadership.

Question 10

identify

strategies for motivating employees in a business

Answer 10

• financial methods,
• non-financial methods.

Question 11

financial methods of motivating employees

Answer 11

extra benefits on top of the basic wage either as money or in some other form
* bonus - an additional encouragement for achieving a set taret
* commission payment as a set percentage of the sales made by a salesperson
* performance rate - pay is related to meeting certain performance targets
* profit sharing - pay is related to the profits that the company makes

Question 12

non-financial strategies for motivating employees

Answer 12

non-financial methods are referred to as fringe benefits
* company car
* use of mobile phone
* hotel and food payments when on company business
* bursaries for children’s education
* free or subsidised meals at work
* company health benefits e.g. free gym membership

Question 13

Why might fringe benefits encourage an employee to take on the roles of a salesperson

Answer 13

Fringe benefits:
* make it easier for people to work (e.g. providing meals at work)
* help to top up wages (e.g. in the form of benefits)
* make a job more attractive and convenient (e.g. prividing a company car)
* make employees feel more valued

Question 14

evaluate the

role of teamwork in the success of an organisation

Answer 14

The value of teamwork within an organisation:

(a) definition;

(b) advantages;

(c) disadvantages.

Question 15

what is teamwork

Answer 15

the process of working collaborativley with others to achieve shared goals

Question 16

advantages of teamwork

Answer 16

• improves morale as employees enjoy more responsability and share that responsibility with team members
• the team provides a support network with team members
• Employees can learn from others, as team members have different skills and abilities which they can pool to make better decisions
• Tasks can be completed quicer, raising productivity and profit
• Improves relationships at work with other perople inteh team and with the managers who create the team
• Increases flexibility at work if team members are trained to cover each other’s roles. This allows greater flexibility in terms of working hours and job responsibilities

Question 17

disadvantages of teamwork

Answer 17

• teams do not allows get along adn coflict may arise between members
• decision-making can be slower
• a team that builds strong relationships may resist the goals of the managers of the organisation

Question 18

strategies for effective communication within an
organisation

Answer 18

The communication process
*
* ** strategies for effective communication **within an organisation.
* clearly defining the objective of the message
* taking account of the needs, attitude and knowledge of the receiver
* being aware of how distractions (noise) can distort the message
* selecting the best medium for communication
* checking that the message has been understood through feedback
* listening to feedback and responding