Internal Migration (Lessons 6&7) :

Question 1

What are the 2 types of internal migration?

Answer 1

Temporary and Permanent.

Question 2

Describe the temporary internal migration within Australia:

Answer 2

• Not much movement due to the massive population of people and jobs in urban spaces (no need to move).
• FIFO workers - Fly In Fly Out, usually working in the mines or on construction work. usually gone for a maximum of 6 months.
• This can lead to mental and physical health problems.

Question 3

Describe permanent internal migration within Australia:

Answer 3

• NSW is losing a lot of people (roughly 16,000)
• QLD, VIC, WA & ACT all gaining
• TAS, NT, SA & NSW all losing

Question 4

Why is NSW losing people?

Answer 4

• Job losses in rural areas
• Sydney sucks = traffic, house prices etc.
• The only reason our population remains steady is because of immigrants.

Question 5

Why is Queensland gaining people?

Answer 5

• Good weather
• Nice place to retire

Question 6

Why is WA gaining people?

Answer 6

Mining job oppurtunities.

Question 7

True of False: The urbanisation of Sydney played a huge role in people permanently internally migrating?

Answer 7

True ;).

Question 8

Describe temporary internal migration in China:

Answer 8

• Government strictly controls migration
• 1/6 people in China are migrant workers looking for money in cities.
• Government will only allow migration (temporary) for people to work in poor conditions in factories/construction sites.

Question 9

What happens in China when your year of temporary migration has finished but you want to keep working and living in the city? (3 things)

Answer 9

1)
FLOATING POPULATION
- No access to healthcare
- No unemployment benefits
- No access to government services
2)
- Paid minimum wage
- Live in poor conditioned living spaces attached to the factory you live beside
- Homelessness threat
3)
- Can get rounded up by police
- Held in detention or deported

Question 10

How has the “floating population” of China been a benefit?

Answer 10

• Good for business because you can pay the immigrants less
• Good for the government because they don’t have to take care of them.

Question 11

Why was the hukou system changed?

Answer 11

• Wanted to get the floating population under control
• Needed to fill the new cities

Question 12

How was the hukou system changed?

Answer 12

• You can get a “resident” hukou = not giving you the same rights as someone born in the city but still being acknowledged as a citizen.
• Government has started a program to give out more permanent urban hukou to about 100 million people.
• Easier to get a hukou in the smaller/medium sized ready to be filled ‘ghost’ cities.

Question 13

Describe the Permanent internal migration in China?

Answer 13

• China has had the most internal migration than anywhere in the world.
  -Hukou system
• Benefits to those with City Hukou’s disadvantages to those with rural Hukous.

Question 14

What is a hukou

Answer 14

• A passport system
• Designed to separate those born in the city with those born in rural areas
• Identity card
• You can apply to change your hukou
• The only means of receiving permanent relocation.

Question 15

What are some benefits an individual might receive if they have a “city hukou”?

Answer 15

• School and University
• House
• Job
  Health insurance
• Car
• Live a good life

Question 16

Where are the consequences of internal migration more dire China or Australia?

Answer 16

China by a mile.

Question 17

Name China’s Destination and Origin for the economic consequences of internal migration:

Answer 17

ORIGIN:
- Migrants leave rural towns in search of work, better living conditions and business.
DESTINATION:
- Cities flooded with temporary migrants
- Good for large companies looking for cheap workers.

Question 18

Name Australia’s Destination and Origin for the economic consequences of internal migration:

Answer 18

ORIGIN:
- Depends on why they’re leaving
- Skilled people moving out of urban areas is very bad.
DESTINATION:
- Housing prices increase
- Business starts up

Question 19

Name China’s Destination and Origin for the social consequences of internal migration:

Answer 19

ORIGIN:
- Poverty so severe would rather become illegal immigrants than continue this poverty.
- Rural villages filled with left behind children
- Mental and Physical health problems.
DESTINATION:
- Migrants face horrible living conditions
- Children may not be able to go to school = another generation of temporary migrant workers.

Question 20

Name Australia’s Destination and Origin for the social consequences of internal migration:

Answer 20

ORIGIN AND DESTINATION:
- Older people move out - younger people move in, as well as immigrants
- Complaints it is “not how it used to be”
- Demographic changes

Question 21

Name China’s Destination and Origin for the environmental consequences of internal migration:

Answer 21

ORIGIN:
- Governments destroy or neglect rural areas/villages
- Incredible environmental destruction.
DESTINATION:
- 20 million new cars on the street each year
- 4 coal power plants per week
- Insane pollution and production of waste.

Question 22

Name Australia’s Destination and Origin for the environmental consequences of internal migration:

Answer 22

ORIGIN AND DESTINATION:
- Areas grow quickly without government investment
- Causes pollution and deforestation
- Areas become run down because there is a lack of jobs.