Internal Factors Flashcards
What is meant by ‘labelling’?
The process of attaching a meaning or definition to someone or something to make sense of them.
What labels may be attached to the ideal middle-class pupil?
‘smart’, ‘bright’, ‘motivated’ etc.
What is the ‘self-fulfilling prophecy’?
A prediction made about something or someone (e.g. ‘he’s stupid, he’s bound to fail’.
How does the ‘self-fulfilling prophecy’ come true?
The student receives the label then feels restrained and internalises the label which limits them. They then end up replicating what’s true of the label.
Finish the quote, ‘what teachers believe, ….’
‘students achieve’.
What is meant by ‘streaming’?
An institutionalised form of labelling. It places pupils of similar ability into the same class for all subjects.
What is meant by a ‘subculture’?
A group whose beliefs, values and attitudes differ to an extent from the culture of the wider society.
List two subcultures that you may find in a school?
Pro-school subcultures
Anti-school subcultures
Which students may form ‘pro-school subcultures’ and what is their attitude like?
Students in the higher streams who are likely to be middle-class and hold high values of education and work hard.
Which students may form ‘anti-school subcultures’ and what is their attitude like?
Students in the lower streams who are likely to be working-class and hold low values of education and not work hard.
What is meant by ‘habitus’?
A social class’ ways of thinking, being and acting.
Define ‘symbolic capital’
Accumulated prestige, honour and recognition.
How do schools commit symbolic violence?
They devalue the working-class pupils’ habitus by judging their clothing, accent, interests etc.
What are ‘Nike’ identities?
A method of gaining symbolic capital through consuming branded goods.
What is meant by ‘losing yourself’?
Symbolic violence results in people becoming less authentic as they change how they present themselves to enable them to fit in.
