Internal and External Factor Affect Ethnicity

Question 1

What External Factor that affect Ethnicity?

Answer 1

•Cultural Deprivation :
-Language
-Family structure and support
-Attitude and value
•Racism in Wider society
•Material deprivation

Question 2

How does language affect Ethnicity?

Answer 2

•Ethnic minority groups (particularly Black, low-income groups), lack adequate stimulation & linguistic development through their socialisation
- Bangladeshi, Indians, Pakistani and Caribbean will speak in their own language which will be perceived by teachers as not intelligent because they use more formal language

Question 3

How does Family structures affect Ethnicity?

Answer 3

•African Caribbean Lone-Parenthood to blame. Lack of male role-models means that mothers struggle to socialise children adequately.
•Female lone parent families in the black Caribbean community provides young black girls with a positive role model of strong, independent women
•Chinese and Indian Students overachieve in comparison to to other groups but Asian student difference between Bangladeshi, Indian and Pakistani achievement

Question 4

What are Parental support Asian families?

Answer 4

•Modhood see amongst working class Asian families promote staying in education
•Bhatti suggest parents were more supportive of children education and had high levels

Question 5

What are Parent support Chinese families?

Answer 5

Francis argue they place high value on education.They will give them resources so they can achieve goal of attending university

Question 6

What are Parental support black families?

Answer 6

•Sewell found many black families are headed by single mothers. Lack of fatherly/ tough love. This makes black boys have trouble overcoming behaviour issues and so they join anti-school subculture.

Question 7

How does Attitudes affect Ethnicity?

Answer 7

•Media have created a negative anti- school role model for Black pupils in particular which he describes as ‘the Ultra-Tough Ghetto Superstar ‘ reinforced through rap lyrics
•Ethnicity can be an advantage in education e.g. African Caribbean Girls actually do very well in school.

Question 8

How does Material Deprivation affect Ethnicity in Education?

Answer 8

•Pakistanis & Bangladeshis are 3X more likely than Whites to be the poorest
•White and mixed ethnicity students on Free school meal make less progress in secondary school than their no Free school meal peers

Question 9

How does Racism in wider Society affect education?

Answer 9

-Tronya argue that the descriptions of some cultures are little more than racist stereotypes.
-Rex- Racism leads to social exclusion and accordingly poverty. This is shown in housing, employment & education. Racism also leads to discrimination both inside & outside the classroom.

Question 10

What internal factor affect ethnicity?

Answer 10

Internal Factors of Ethnicity
* Labelling and Teacher Racism
* Pupil identites
* Pupil Responses and subculture

Institutional racism internal factor
* The Ethnocentric Curriculum
* Assessment
* Access to opportunities
* The ‘New IQism

Question 11

How does Labelling affect ethnicity?

Answer 11

•Gillborn and Youdell found teacher are quicker to discipline black pupils because teachers expected the black pupils to present more problems and misinterpreted their behaviour as threatening or as a challenge to authority.
•Modhood found black and Pakistani are less likely than white students to be placed in higher education

Question 12

How does Pupil identities affect ethnicity?

Answer 12

•Teacher view towards Chineses students were praised but viewed negatively as they have been seen to achieve success in the ‘wrong way’ through hard work rather than natural ability.
•Archer three different Pupil identities:
-The ideal pupil identity white middle-class achieving in the ‘right’ way through natural ability
-The Pathologised pupil identity-Asian,asexual
-The demonised pupil identity-A black or white working class-sexualised and unintelligent

Question 13

How does Pupil Responses and Subculture affect ethnicity?

Answer 13

•pupils may choose to reject their labels and decide to prove it wrong rather than accepting the label
•Fuller-Found that racist teachers discouraged black pupils from being ambitious about their career

Question 14

•Mirza Identified 3 main types of teacher racism as a result?

Answer 14

•The colour blind-Teachers who believe all pupils are equal but allow racism to go unchallenged
•The liberal chauvinists-Teachers who believe black pupils are culturally deprived and have low expectations of them
•The overt racists-believe black are inferior

Question 15

What does Sewell say about pupil response?

Answer 15

•The Rebels-Small minority of black pupil often rejected the rules of the school
•The Conformists-The Large group keen to succeed and accepted the school rules
•The retreatists-(Chinese)
•The innovators-Second largest group, pro education but anti school, value success but do not seek approval of teachers

Question 16

What are Asian girls subcultures?

Answer 16

• Gang girls-adopted anti school subculture as a form to resistance against racist white school attitudes
• Survivors-Mostly confirmed
• Rebels-attacked against at home pushed or gender equality
• Faith girl-prioritise religion and they’re parents values and adapt to fit in

Question 17

How does Ethnocentric Curriculum?

Answer 17

•David describes the National Curriculum as ‘Specifically British’ the curriculum largely ignores non-European languages
•ethnocentric curriculum may cause underachievement by presenting in History example british bringing back british civilisation to the ‘primitive’.He argued that image of black people as inferior undermines black children self-esteem and leads to failure

Question 18

How does Assessment affect ethnicity?

Answer 18

•Gillborn argue ‘the assessement game’ is rigged to only support the dominate cultures superiority.
•Baseline assessments’ in primary schools have been replaced by the foundation stage profile (FSP)-FSP in 2003 overnight black pupils now appeared to be doing worse than white pupils

Question 19

How does Access to Opportunitites affect ethnicity?

Answer 19

•Gited and Talented: whites are twice as likely than black carribeans to be identified as gifted
•black were less likely than white to enter for lower tier GCSES exams because black pupils were often placed in lower sets

Question 20

How does The ‘new IQism’ affect ethnicity?

Answer 20

•Secondary schools are increasingy using old-style intelligence test to allocate pupils in different stream but this does not measure potential as all it tells us what a person has already learnt to
•Gillborn concludes that the education system is institutionally racist creating an environment in which ethnic minority pupils are disadvantaged