Intermolecular Forces Flashcards
Define Electronegetivity
The tendency for an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons
What is a Polar Bond?
A covalent bond made between atoms of different electronegativities, which causes bonding electron pairs to move closer to the more electronegative atom and cause a dipole.
What are dipole-dipole forces?
The forces of attraction between polar molecules within a substance.
What are dispersion forces?
Electrons are constantly moving everywhere throughout and orbital, and this means that there is a possibility that at any point in time there could be more electrons on one side of an atom than another. This causes a dipole which can induce dipoles between other molecules.
What increases the strength dispersion forces?
More electrons in an atom
What is a polar molecule?
A molecule with a net imbalance of charge.
What is hydrogen bonding?
An extension of dipole-dipole interaction, the small size of H, O, F and N causes a high charge density and very strong dipole-dipole forces. This leads these hydrides to have very high melting and boiling points which do not conform to the trend with other elements.
