Intermolecular Forces

Question 1

this explains the properties of solids and liquids in terms of the intermolecular force of attraction and the kinetic energy of the individual particles

Answer 1

kinetic molecular model

Question 2

the kinetic molecular model explains the properties of solids and liquids in terms of the - and the - of the individual particles

Answer 2

intermolecular force of attraction, kinetic energy

Question 3

attractive forces between neighboring particles of one or more substances

Answer 3

intermolecular forces (imf)

Question 4

keeps the particles at a distance and/or moving around

Answer 4

kinetic energy (ke)

Question 5

solids are held together by - forces of attraction

Answer 5

very strong

Question 6

liquids are held together by - forces of attraction

Answer 6

strong

Question 7

movement of particles in solids

Answer 7

particles are not free to move and vibrate in a fixed position

Question 8

particle movement of liquids

Answer 8

particles are able to slide past one another

Question 9

attractive force between molecules. is responsible for keeping matter in solid or liquid phase; are forces between molecules or ions and molecules

Answer 9

intermolecular forces

Question 10

force that holds atoms together in a molecule; are forces within a molecule or ionic compound

Answer 10

intramolecular forces

Question 11

order of strength of intermolecular and intramolecular bonds

Answer 11

intramolecular bonds > intermolecular forces

Question 12

why are intramolecular bonds stronger

Answer 12

because it takes more energy to overcome covalent bonds and break apart molecules than to overcome intermolecular forces (which causes phase change)

Question 13

what determines the type of intermolecular force present in a substance

Answer 13

the type of particles present

Question 14

depending on its - , intermolecular forces cause the forming of 3 physical states: solid, liquid, and gas

Answer 14

strength

Question 15

depending on strength, intermolecular forces cause -

Answer 15

the forming of 3 physical states

Question 16

the - of solids and liquids are all related to the strength of attractive forces between molecules

Answer 16

physical properties

Question 17

the physical properties of solids and liquids are all related to the - between molecules

Answer 17

strength of attractive forces

Question 18

the intermolecular forces of attraction in a pure substance are collectively known as -

Answer 18

van der waals forces

Question 19

name the 4 van der waals forces

Answer 19

dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding, ion-dipole, london dispersion

Question 20

these are intermolecular forces of attraction between neutral molecules

Answer 20

van der waals forces

Question 21

he is the nobel prize winner in physics (1910) for his work on the equations or state for gases and liquids

Answer 21

johannes van der waals

Question 22

the ability of an atom to attract electrons toward itself in a chemical bond

Answer 22

electronegativity

Question 23

the higher the electronegativity value for an element, -

Answer 23

the stronger its ability to attract shared electrons

Question 24

the larger the electronegativity difference between 2 atoms, -

Answer 24

the more polar the bond will be

Question 25

is the tendency of electron clouds to shift; depends on the electronegativity of each atom

Answer 25

polarity

Question 26

a covalent bond can be - or -

Answer 26

polar, nonpolar

Question 27

the electronegativity difference of a nonpolar covalent bond is -

Answer 27

<=0.4

Question 28

the electronegativity difference of a polar covalent bond is -

Answer 28

0.5 - 1.9

Question 29

the electronegativity difference of an ionic bond is -

Answer 29

> = 2.0

Question 30

elements placed higher and to the right of the periodic table have the - electronegativity

Answer 30

highest

Question 31

these forces are attractive forces between polar molecules, that is, between molecules that possess dipole moments

Answer 31

dipole-dipole forces

Question 32

these are a strong type of dipole-dipole interaction

Answer 32

hydrogen bonds

Question 33

typically, a hydrogen bond is about - stronger than other dipole-dipole attractions

Answer 33

5 - 10 times

Question 34

hydrogen bonds exist only in molecules that contain a - bonded to a - such as -

Answer 34

hydrogen atom, small and highly electronegative atom, N O or F

Question 35

this force of attraction results from the intermolecular interaction between an ion and a polar molecule; it is present in solutions where an ionic compound is dissolved into a polar solvent

Answer 35

ion-dipole forces

Question 36

this exists between all atoms and molecules

Answer 36

london dispersion force

Question 37

london dispersion forces are the only forces present in - molecules

Answer 37

nonpolar

Question 38

london dispersion forces arise from - in particles

Answer 38

the continuous movement of electrons

Question 39

london dispersion forces are attractive between an - and an -

Answer 39

instantaneous dipole, induced dipole

Question 40

this arises from an uneven distribution of electrons in an atom

Answer 40

instantaneous dipole

Question 41

this affects the strength of the london dispersion force between 2 molecules

Answer 41

size of a molecule

Question 42

the bigger the molecule, the - the attraction between 2 molecules

Answer 42

stronger

Question 43

a larger surface-to-surface contact between molecules results in - and -

Answer 43

stronger dispersion force attraction, higher boiling point