Intermediate (Part 1) Flashcards
1
Q
foreign
A
from a country that is not your own (a person is a foreigner).
2
Q
gist
A
The gist of sth is the general meaning but not all the detail
3
Q
text
A
the written part of a book, newspaper, ect.
4
Q
recognize sb/sth
A
know who sb is or what sth is because you’ve seen or heard them before
Reconization (n)
5
Q
go through sth
A
read sth carefully from beginning to end
6
Q
identify sth
A
recognize sth and decide what it is.
7
Q
guess sth
A
give an answer to sth without being sure of the facts.
Guess (n)
8
Q
context
A
the words before and after the new word or phrase that help you to understand the meaning
9
Q
keep a record of sth
A
write sth down to help you remember it.
Record sth (v)
10
Q
make a note of sth
A
write sth down quickly to help you remember it
11
Q
construction
A
the way words are used together in a sentence.
Contruct sth (v)
12
Q
translation
A
a text that has been changed from one language into another.
translate sth (v)
13
Q
Tips for reading
A
when you are reading in a foreign language, you should try to get the gist of the text. You will meet vocabulary you don’t recognize, but you can often go through the text again. If so, try this:
(1) identify the new words and phrases which seem to be important. Try to guess the meaning from the context, and/or use a dictionary.
(2) Keep a record of the words in a notebook, and, if possible, make a note of any special information.
(3) Write a translation if you think it helps; sometimes it isn’t necessary.
14
Q
formal
A
we use formal language to appear serious or official, or sometimes when we don’t know people well.
OPP informal
formality (n)
OPP informality
15
Q
repeat sth
A
say sth again
repetition (n)
16
Q
explain sth
A
make sth clear or easy to understand.
Explaination (N)
17
Q
pronounce sth
A
make the sound of a word or letter
Pronounciation (n)
18
Q
opportunity
A
a time when it is possible to do sth that you want to do
SYN chance
19
Q
experiment with sth
A
try sth to see what result it has
20
Q
make mistakes
A
ko đc viết là do mistakes/ NOT do mistakes
21
Q
revise sth
A
study sth again (you do revision)
22
Q
method
A
a way of doing sth
23
Q
work
A
get or have the result you want
24
Q
I can describe my progress and aims
A
25
enthusiastic
very interested in sth or excited by it.
enthusiasm (n)
26
motivated
if you are motivated, you really want to do sth.
motivation (n)
27
after a while
after a period of time
28
improve
become better
SYNS get better, make progress.
Improvement (n)
29
express sth
say or show what you think or feel
30
effectively
in a way that gives you the result you want.
effective (adj)
31
obvious
easily seen and understood.
SYN clear
32
encouraging
if sth is encouraging, it gives you hope and makes you want to continue.
Encourage (v)
Encouragement (n)
33
accurately
with no mistakes
accurate (adj)
34
be aware of sth
if you are aware of sth, you know about it
35
frustrating
making you annoyed because you cannot do sth you want to do.
frustration (n)
36
Making progress
When I started learning English, I was very enthusiastic and motivated, but I found the pronunciation difficult and people couldn't always understand me. After a while, my pronunciation improved and I was able to express basic ideas quite effectively. It was obvious that I was getting better, and that was very encouraging. But at intermediate level, I made slow progress. There were so many new words and phrases, but also words that I could understand but couldn't use accurately. I think I was more aware of my mistakes, which was good - but also frustrating.
37
goal
a thing you want to be able to do in the future
38
everyday
normal or usual
39
expand
become bigger or make sth bigger
40
a wide range
a large number of different things
41
complex
not simple; often difficult to understand
SYN complicated
42
fluent
able to speak a foreign language easily and well.
Fluently (adv)
43
in detail
fully and including a lot of information
44
appropriate
right or suitable in a particular situation
OPP inappropriate
45
relevant to sth
useful for and connected to sth
OPP irrelevant
46
specialized
having or needing a lot of special knowledge
47
contain and include
we can often use contain or include with the same meaning.
The film contains/includes scenes of violence.
Sometimes we can only use of the verbs.
The box contains magazines. (There are magazines inside the box)
The price includes service. (Service is one part of the price).
48
P's goals
I understand everyday English, but my vocabulary needs to expand so that I can understand a wide range of subjects, and express more complex ideas.
I'd like to be more fluent when I'm speaking, and be able to talk about things in more detail. And I need to get better at using appropriate language when I speak.
I can understand general things, but I want to read texts that are relevant to my work, and some of these contain quite specialized language.
49
I can understand a learner's dictionary
50
definition
an exact statement of what a word or phrase means.
define sth (v)
51
avoid doing sth
if you avoid doing sth, you try not to do or experience it.
52
idiom
a group of words whose meaning is different from the meanings of the individual words (also expression)
53
entry
one of a list of items included in a dictionary, list, ect.
54
provide sth
give sth to sb or make sth available for sb
55
style
the way sth is written or spoken
(e.g. an informal style, a formal style)
56
for instance
SYN for example
57
slang
very informal words or phrases used in spoken language.
58
offensive
rude and likely to upset sb.
offend sb (v)
59
symbol
a letter, number, or sign that has a particular meaning
60
syllable
a part of a word which contains a vowel sound.
(Go has one syllable and prefer has two syllables)
61
relate sth to sth
connect sth to sth
related (adj)
62
build sth
make sth bigger, increase sth
63
select sth
SYN choose sth
(but select is more formal)
Selection (n)
64
stress and emphasize
Both verbs mean to say a syllable, word, or phrase with extra loudness.
The related nouns are stress (on sth) and emphasis (on sth).
The stress is on the first syllable. Don't emphasize every word.
They are also used to say that sth is important.
The newspaper stressed the need for urgent action.
The emphasis is mainly on education.
65
I can talk about English puntuation
66
full stop
.
67
comma
,
68
colon
69
:
70
semicolon
;
71
question mark
?
72
exclamation mark
!
73
apostrophe
'
74
hyphen
- gạch nối
75
dash
dấu gạch ngang
76
brackets
()
77
slash
/
78
quotation marks
' ' " "
79
punctuation rules
80
abbreviation
a short form of a word (e.g. a.m is an abbreviation meaning 'in the morning).
81
capital letter
A, B, C are capital letters (a, b, c are small letters)
82
pause
a short period of time when sb stops talking.
83
separate sb/sth
keep people or things away from each other.
SYN divide sb/sth
84
list
a series of names, items, or numbers /
(e.g. shopping list, a list of countries).
85
omit sth
if you omit sth, you don't include it.
SYN leave sth out
86
interrupt sth
occur in the middle of sth and stop it continuing.
87
details
small pieces of information about sth
88
instead of sb/sth
put two or more things together
SYN join sth
89
such as
you use such as to introduce an example,
SYN like
90
alternative
one of two or more things that you can choose between
91
I can talk about appearance
92
male
men and boys are male
93
female
women and girls are female
94
well built
with a solid, strong body
SYN stocky
95
skinny
very thin, but not in an attractive way
96
in good/bad shape
in good/bad physical condition
97
plump
quite fat, in a nice way
98
fattish
quite fat
99
clean-shaven
without a beard or moustache
100
He's got broad shoulders and it well built
101
He is tall and skinny. But he's in good shape.
102
He's got thick eyebrows and stubble. He is dark-skinned.
OPP light or pale-skinned
103
He's going bald
OR He's losing his hair OR
His hair's receding.
104
be pregnant
SYN be expecting a baby
105
pretty
attractive and nice to look at (used especially about girls or young women)
106
smooth
with a completely flat surface
OPP rough
107
skin
your skin covers your body
108
tanned
having brown skin after spending time in the sun.
Tan (n)
109
slim
thin in an attractive way
SYN slender
110
figure
the shape of a woman's body
111
appearance
the way sb looks
112
go grey
become grey-haired or white-haired.
OR white
113
neat
tidy and carefully arranged
114
contact lenses
small round pieces od plastic you wear in your eyes to help you see better.
115
tell sth
know or guess sth
116
this is my mother at 27 when she was pregnant; in fact, she was expecting me. She had a pretty, roundish face with beautiful smooth skin and long hair.
117
Here's Mum now; she looks tanned. She's still slim with a good figure. Her appearance hasn't changed much, but she's got a few wrinkles, she's going gray, and her hair's much shorter and neater. She wears contact lenses, and you can't tell that she's nearly 60.
118
-ish
The suffix -ish is used with some adjectives to mean 'quite'.
A roundish face is a face which is quite round.
Also: tallish, youngish, fatish, ect.
119
I can talk about character
120
see sb as sth
imagine or think of sb in a particular way
121
ambitious
having a strong desire to do well or be successful.
OPP unambitious, ambition (n)
122
self-confident
feeling sure about your own ability
OPP insecure
123
generous
happy to give more money and help than is usual
OPP mean, generosity (n)
124
impatient
not able to stay calm and wait for sth/sb.
OPP modest, arrogance (n)
125
arrogant
thinking you are better than other people.
OPP modest, arrogance (n)
126
aggressive
likely to fight or argue
aggression (n)
127
Cheerful
feeling happy
128
easy-going
relaxed and not worried by what other people do.
129
energy
the ability to be very active without getting tired.
energetic (adj)
130
responsible
able to act sensibly and intelligently
OPP irresponsible
131
honest
always telling the truth
OPP dishonest, honesty (n)
132
hard-working
able to work with effort and for a long time
OPP lazy
133
tolerant
able to accept ideas you don't agree with.
OPP intolerant, tolerance (n)
134
dull
boring
135
sense of humour
the ability to laugh at things and see when sth is funny
136
How I see myself
How others see me
137
Dan (33): I'm ambitious, self-confident, and generous. I'm also very impatient.
138
Kaz (18): I'm always cheerful, I'm easy-going, and I've got lots of energy.
139
Giles (45): I see myself as honest, hard-working, and generally tolerant.
140
How others see me
Some people really like me; others think I'm arrogant and maybe aggressive.
141
My parents don't think I'm very responsible; my friends just think I'm crazy.
142
Other people probably think I'm a bit dull, without much sense of humour.
143
Crazy, mad, stupid
Crazy and mad mean 'not sensible or practical; a bit stupid'.
Both words can describe a person or an action or idea, but the meaning is not always negative. They can describe someone who is a bit out of control but just wants to enjoy life.
Stupid is always negative.
144
I can describe my feelings
145
thrilled
very happy and excited
SYN delighted
E.g. He was thrilled to win and he kissed the cup.
146
furious
very angry
e.g. I lost his key; he was absolutely furious.
147
astonished
very surprise
SYN amazed
I was astonished to hear he was married.
148
heartbroken
very sad and emotionally upset
She was heartbroken when her father died.
149
terrified
very frightened
SYN scared stiff
I was terrified when the plane took off.
150
miserable
unhappy and depresses
SYN fed up
You look very miserable. What is wrong?
151
proud
pleased about sth you or other people have done.
I felt very proud when my book was published.
152
jealous
1 angry or sad because you are afraid of losing sb's love.
2 angry or sad because sb has sth you don't have. SYN envious.
E.g. My boyfriend is jealous when I'm with other boys.
E.g. I've always been jealous of Tom; everyone likes him.
153
anxious
worried and afraid
e.g. He was anxious before he went into hospital.
154
upset
sad and angry because of sth that has happened.
E.g. Sally was very upset because no one spoke to her.
155
absolutely and very
- Use absolutely before extreme adjectives.
e.g. furious, astonished, heartbroken, terrified.
- Use very before degree adjectives,
e.g. miserable, jealous, anxious, upset.
I was absolutely amazed. (NOT very amazed).
They were very proud. (NOT absolutely proud).
156
how emotional are you?
157
emotional
having strong feelings, and often showing them.
emotion (n)
158
show your feelings
express your feelings openly.
OPP hide your feelings
159
upset sb
make sb unhappy
160
be in a bad mood
feel angry or unhappy at a particular time.
OPP be in a good mood
161
hurt sb's feelings
say sth that makes sb unhappy
162
moody
if you are moody, you often change and become angry or unhappy for no obvious reason.
163
sympathetic
kind and showing you understand sb's problems (sympathetic doesn't mean 'friendly' or 'nice' in English).
164
supportive
giving help to sb who has a problem
165
Sensitive
Sensitive has two meanings:
1. a positive meaning: 'able to understand people's feelings and problems.
(e.g. I think I'm quite sensitive, so I try not to upset other people).
OPP insensitive.
2. a more negative meaning: 'easily upset'.
e.g. I'm sensitive about my appearance.
166
I can talk about relationships
167
friendship
the relationship between people who are friends.
E.g. Our friendship has always been very important to us.
168
make friends
form friendly relationships.
E.g. I find it difficult to make friends.
169
get on (well) with sb
have a good relationship with sb.
OPP not get on with sb.
E.g. Do you get on well with your classmate?
170
rely on sb reliable (adj)
feel sure that sb will do what they say they will do.
SYN depend on sb
e.g. I can always rely on my sisters.
My brother's not very reliable.
171
trust sb
believe sb is good and won't hurt you.
e.g. You have to trust your friends.
172
loyal
being a friend to sb, even in difficult times.
OPP disloyal
e.g. He was very loyal to my father.
173
sociable
a sociable person likes the company of other people.
OPP antisocial
e.g. She is very sociable and gets on well with people.
174
keep in touch
(of two or more people) stay in contact by speaking or writing to each other.
e.g. Simon is an old friend. We've always kept in touch.
175
friend
An old friend is someone you have known for a long time; a close friend is someone you know and like very much. If you are friendly with sb, you treat them as a friend.
176
when things go wrong
177
get to know sb
meet sb a number of times and become friends
178
one another
each other
179
get together
(of two or more people) meet for a social reason
180
go wrong
used when a problem happens in a situation or relationship
181
realize sth
begin to understand sth that you didn't know before
182
have nothing in common
(of two people) have no interests that are the same.
OPP have a lot in common
183
reget sth/doing sth
feel sorry about sth you did or didn't do
184
split up with sb
stop being in a romantic relationship with sb
185
go out with sb
have sb as a boyfriend or girlfriend
186
in a (serious) relationship
having a long-term boyfriend or girlfriend
187
fall out with sb
argue with sb and stop being friendly with them
188
have a row / an argument
Both phrases mean 'have an angry discussion'.
e.g. I had a row with Li.
The verb related to argument is argue.
e.g. They argued with each other.
189
Perfect Weekend Channel Five
Wednesday 9:00p.m - 11pm
TV drama about a group of young people who got to know one another at university, and now, five years later, get together for a weekend. But things soon go wrong. John doesn't get on with Dan, and now realizes they have nothing in common, while Pete regrets the fact that he split up with Amy, the girl he used to go out with. Now Amy is in a serious relationship with Keith (who didn't go to university), and Keith doesn't like Amy's old friends. This creates tension in the group, and soon there's a big row. Amy falls out with Pete, and Dan and John stop speaking to each other. And that's just the beginning...
190
I can talk about families
191
only child
a child with no brothers or sister
192
single parent
a mother or father who looks after their children alone
193
foster parent
sb who looks after another person's child in their home for a time
194
adopt a child
take sb's child into your family and legally make them your child
195
get divorced
legally end your marriage
SYN get a divorce
196
support sb
help someone live by giving them money, food, or a home
197
bring sb up
look after a child and teach them how to live
198
stepfather
a man who has married your mother but is not your father
199
Stepmother
200
stepson
201
stepdaughter
202
stepbrother
203
stepsister
204
half-brother, half-sister
a brother or sister who has either the same mother or the same father as you
205
Marilyn Monroe was an only child from a single-parent family, but she lived with foster parents until she was seven, and then she was adopted by her mother's best friend. She got married at sixteen, and she got divorced three times.
206
Bill Clinton's father died before he was born. His mother, Virginia, had to find a way to support Bill, so she studied nursing, and Bill was brought up by his grandparents. When Bill was four, his mother married Roger Clinton, who became Bill's stepfather. Roger and Virginia had a son called Roger, who Bill Clinton's half-brother.
207
be related to sb
be in the same family as sb,
relative (n)
SYN relation
208
member
a person who is in a group such as a family or a club
209
royal
relating to a king or queen
210
ancestor
a person in your family who lived a long time ago
211
immigrant
a person who comes to a foreign country to live there
212
emigrate from....to....
leaves your country in order to live in another
213
previous
happing before the one you are talking about
214
generation
all the beginning, before other things happened
215
look like sb
have the same appearance as sb
216
take after sb
be like an older member of your family
217
I'm related to a member of the royal family.
We have ancestors who were Russian immigrants. They emigrated from Russia to Britain in the nineteenth century.
I'm from London, but previous generations of my family lived in Malta.
Some of my relatives were originally from China.
I took like my grandmother, but I take after my father. We're both very lazy!
218
I can talk about weddings and funerals
219
choose sth
PT chose
PP chosen
decide which thing you want.
choice (n)
220
ceremony
a formal public event
221
religious
A religious ceremony takes place in a church, mosque, temple, ect.
Religion (n)
222
civil
a civil ceremony is a non-religious one
223
wedding
a time when a man and woman get married
224
ring
225
wedding reception
a meal and/or party after a wedding
226
traditional
a traditional thing is sth that people have done for a long time
227
make a speech
give a formal talk to lot of people at a special event
228
drink a toast to sb
raise a glass of wine, ect. to wish sb success or happiness.
229
with sb sth
say that you hope good things will happen to sb
230
honeymoon
a holiday for a couple who have just got married
231
celebrate sth
have a special meal, party, ect. to show you are happy about sth.
232
anniversary
the date on which sth happened the previous year or in the past
233
wedding and marriage; bridge and groom
A wedding is a ceremony for a couple (two people who are getting married). Marriage is the relationship between a husband and wife. We went to my sister's wedding on Saturday.
Jack and Dana's marriage lasted 40 years. On the wedding day, the couple are called the bride and groom. After they are married, they become husband and wife.
234
when two people are planning to get married, they can choose to have a religious ceremony or a civil ceremony. On the wedding day, the groom is helped by a best man who brings the rings to the wedding ceremony. The bride may have one or more bridesmaids. Afterwards, there is a reception for the couple and the wedding guests. It is traditional for the best man and the groom to make speeches, and then everyone drinks a toast to the couple, and wishes them a long and happy marriage. After the reception, they usually go on their honeymoon. On the same day every year after that, the couple celebrate their wedding anniversary.
235
the end of a life
graves
gravestone
mourners; the family are in mourning
coffin
236
die (die of an illness)
death (n)
dead (adj)
stop living
e.g. He died of old age.
His death was very sad.
237
widow
a woman whose husband has died.
e.g. Mark's widow never remarried.
238
widower
a man whose wife has died.
e.g. He's been a widower for years.
239
funeral
a ceremony after sb dies.
e.g. The funeral was at the church.
240
burry sb
burial (n)
put a dead body in the ground.
e.g. He was buried this morning.
241
cremate sb
cremation (n)
burn the body of a dead person as part of a funeral.
e.g. My grandmother wasn't buried; she was cremated.
242
cemetery
a place where dead people are buried.
e.g. He's buried in that cemetery.
243
will (n)
a document that says who will have your money or things when you die.
e.g. He left his sister $10,000 in his will.
244
inherit sth
inheritance (n)
receive money or things from sb when they die.
e.g. I inherited $1,000 from my uncle.
245
I can describe the universe
246
universe
the whole of space and everything in it, including the planets and stars
247
satellite
an object that moves round a bigger object in space
248
in other words
used for saying sth in a different way
249
circle sth
go round sth in a circle.
SYN revolve around sth
250
approximately
about
SYN roughly
251
reach sth
arrive at a palce
252
space
the area beyond the earth round the planets and stars
253
far-fetched
not easy to belive because it is very improbable.
254
gain sth
get more and more of sth useful, such as knowledge or experience.
255
knowledge
what you know and understand about sth
256
The Universe
- The moon is a satellite of the earth; in other words, it circles around the earth. This takes approximately 28 days.
- The earth revolves around the sun every 365 days.
- The sun is a star, but seems much large than other stars because it is so close to the earth. Light from the sun takes approximately eight minutes to reach the earth.
- Nine planets revolve around the sun. We call the sun and all its planets the solar system.
- Seventy-five years ago, sending rockets into space seemed far-fetched, but now it is a fact of life and we have gained considerable knowledge of earth's satellite and our solar system.
257
scientist
science (n)
scientific (adj)
a person who studies the physical world
258
Scientific exploration
259
satellite
a piece of electronic equipment that is sent into space and moves around
260
explore sth
travel round a place in order to learn about it.
exploration (n)
261
carry out sth
do and complete a task
262
experiment
a scientific test done in order to learn sth
263
analysis
a careful study of sth in order to explain it.
analyse (v)
264
confirm sth
say or show that sth is true or definite
confirmation (n)
265
exist
if sth exist, it is present in the real world
existence (n)
266
discover or invent?
- If you discover something, you learn about or find something for the first time. Discover (n)
- If you invent something, you create something that didn't exist before. Invention (n)
They've discovered a new planet.
Who invented the telescope?
267
Why go to Mars?
Scientists have already sent satellites to explore the surface of Mars, and carried out experiments to see if they can discover any signs of life. So far, they haven't found any. but an analysis of rocks from Mars has confirmed that they were created by the presence of water and wind. In other words, life could have existed in the past.
268
I can talk about rivers and the sea
269
water
270
flow
move smoothly (like water)
271
burst
break open suddenly and violently
272
Ocean
a very big sea
e.g. the Atlantic Ocean
273
tide
the regular change in the sea level caused by the moon and sun
274
capsize
(used of boats) turn over in the water
275
underwater
happening or existing below the surface of the water
276
drown
die in water because you can't breathe
277
cause (v,n)
To cause something is to make something (often unpleasant) happen.
The wind caused problems for cyclists.
The cause of something is the person or thing that makes it happen.
The police don't know the cause of the accident.
278
wide river
279
deep
280
shallow
281
narrow river
282
Rivers flow to the sea. A river can be wide (width =>noun) and deep (depth => noun) or narrow and shallow. If it rains heavily, a river can burst its banks, which causes floods. If there is no rain for a long time, river dried up.
283
The sea and Oceans
The tide comes in (high tide) and goes out (low tide) twice a day.
Boats float on the surface of the water.
In bad weather, a boat can capsize and sink. People on the boat may be trapped underwater and may drown.
284
Different areas of water
waterfall
lake
stream
pond
puddle
canal
285
coast
the area of land that is close to or next to the sea or an ocean
286
shore
the land along the edge of the sea, a lake, ect.
287
steep
a steep hill or cliff goes up quickly from a low place to a high one.
288
protect sb/sth from sth
keep sb/sth safe from sth
Protection (n)
289
rough
a rough sea has big waves
OPP calm
290
Our local beach is mainly sandy, with a few rocks and pebbles down by the shore. There's a steep cliff rising above the beach, and children often play in the caves there. At the end of the bay there's a small harbour. When the weather's bad, the sailing boats are protected from the waves and the rough sea. We often see large ships on the horizon.
291
sand (n)
sandy (adj)
292
I can describe the climate
293
pour (with rain)
rain heavily
e.g. It is pouring outside!
294
soaking wet
SYN soaked
extremely wet
It was pouring with rain and I got soaking wet
295
drizzle (v,n)
rain lightly, with very small drops
e.g. It was drizzling when I left the office.
296
rainbow
297
bitterly cold
extremely cold
It's bitterly cold today.
298
chilly
a little too cold to be comfortable.
It gets chilly in the evening.
299
mild
warm than usual for the time of year.
e.g. It's been a very mild winter.
300
heatwave
a period of unusually hot weather.
e.g. I hate this heatwave!
301
muggy
SYN humid
warm and damp in an unpleasant way.
It's really muggy today.
302
mist (n)
misty (adj)
thin cloud near the ground which is difficult to see through (not as thick as fog).
You get a lot of mist in the mornings in autumn.
303
frost (n)
frosty (adj)
the weather condition when the temperature is below 0 degrees C and ice forms on the windows, the ground, ect.
e.g. There was a frost last night; there's ice on the car.
304
breeze (n)
breezy (adj)
a light wind.
It's hot today, but there's a lovely breeze.
305
gale
a strong wind.
e.g. There were gales last night.
306
Climate change
307
effect (n), affect (v)
- An effect is a change which is caused by something.
What are the effects of global warming?
- To affect something means to make it change in a particular way.
Climate change will affect all our lives (= will make our lives change).
308
climate
the normal weather conditions of a particular region
309
(the) environment
the natural world; the air, land, and water in which people, plants, and animals live (an environmentalist is sb who studies the environment).
310
gradual
happing slowly over a long period of time.
gradually (adv)
311
the atmosphere
the gases around the earth, planets, ect.
312
harmful
causing damage, injury, or illness.
harm sth.sb (v)
313
gas
a substance like air, e.g. oxygen and hydrogen
314
pollution
dirty and dangerous gases, chemicals, ect. that harm the environment.
pollute (v)
315
human
connected with people
316
melt
if you heat ice, it melts: it changes from a solid to a liquid
317
rise
increase; go higher.
rise (n)
OPP fall (n,v)
318
extreme
much hotter, colder, or more violent than usual
319
unpredictable
If sth is unpredictable, you can't say how it will change in the future.
OPP predictable
Predict (v)
320
disappear
stop existing
SYN vanish
321
famine
A famine is when there is not enough food in a country
322
disease
illness in people, animals, or palnts.
323
spread
affect more and more people or things
324
Our environment
Global warming is the gradual increase in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere, and is caused by harmful gases. Many environmentalists believe that most of this pollution is the result of human activities. Here are some of the effects:
- As the ice at the poles melts, sea levels could rise by almost a meter in the next century.
- There will be more extreme and unpredictable weather, e.g. heatwaves or floods.
- Famine and disease will spread, and this will especially affect people in poor countries.
325
I can describe natural disasters
326
disaster
a very bad event, causing harm or death
327
violent
very strong and usually causing damage.
violence (n)
328
sudden
happening very quickly.
suddenly (adv)
329
ground
the top part of the earth's surface that people walk on
330
damage
harm or injury caused when sth is broken.
Damage (v)
331
destroy sth
break sth completely so it can't be used again.
Destruction (n)
332
erupt
explode and throw out fire, burning rocks, ect.
333
lave
hot liquid rock
334
surrounding
that is near or around sth
Surroundings (N)
335
Crops
plants that are grown for food, e.g. rice and potatoes
336
starve (to death)
suffer (or die) because you don't have enough food
337
Hurricane
this word is used especially of storms in the western Atlantic. It is a violent storm with very strong winds. In other parts of the world, especially Asia, it is called a typhoon.
338
Earthquake
a sudden violent movement of the ground causing damage
339
tidal wave
a very large ocean wave that is caused by a storm or earthquake, and which destroys things when it reaches land
340
Volcanic eruption
a volcano is a mountain with a hole in the top, and when it erupts, hot gases and lava are forced out into the air and onto the surrounding land.
341
Drought
a long period with no rain. Crops die, and people many starve to death
342
hit sth/sb
make sudden violent contact with sth/sb
SYN strike sth/sb
343
collapse
If a building collapses, it falls to the ground
collapse (n)
344
evacuate sb
move sb away from a dangerous palce
evacuation (n)
345
fear
a feeling that sth bad might happen
fear (v)
346
trap sb
If sb is trapped, they are inside sth and can't get out
347
death toll
the number of people killed in a disaster, accident, ect.
348
considerable
very large in size or amount
349
crucial
very important
350
rescue sb
take sb from a dangerous place to safety
SYN save sb
351
maintain sth
make sth continue at a certain level
352
supply
(PL supplies)
an amount of sth that you need
353
Thousand have now been evacuated, but there are fears that many are still trapped inside their homes, so the death toll could rise. The damage already been considerable and the next 48 hours will be crucial, not only to rescue more people but also to try to maintain supplies of water and electricity.
354
I can describe animals and insects
355
lion
356
tail
357
elephant
358
trunk
359
tiger
360
stripes
361
camel
362
leopard
363
spots
364
spider
365
monkey
366
fly
367
gorilla
368
bear
369
fur
370
snake
371
bee
372
shark
373
whale
374
eagle
375
wing
376
beak
377
feathers
378
mosquito
379
creature
a living thing such as an animal, bird, fish, or insect.
380
wild
living in natural conditions; not looked after by people
381
insect
a small animal with six legs, one or two pairs of wings, and a body in three parts
