intermediate layer of intrinsic back muscles

Question 1

spinalis/longissimus/iliocostalis origin

Answer 1

1. supraspinous ligament
2. spinous processes of lower lumbar vertebrae
3. spinous process of sacrum
4. sacrum
5. iliac crest
6. sacrospinous ligament

Question 2

spinalis insertion

Answer 2

spinous process of superior vertebral levels (thoracic and midcervical)
cranium

Question 3

spinalis/longissimus/iliocostalis action

Answer 3

1. part of erector spinae group
2. bilateral contraction: extends back and head
3. unilateral contraction: laterally bends trunk and neck

Question 4

spinalis/longissimus/iliocostalis nerve

Answer 4

dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves

Question 5

spinalis/longissimus/iliocostalis artery

Answer 5

1. cervical= occipital, deep cervical, vertebral
2. thoracic = posterior intercostal artery
3. abdominal = subcostal, lumbar artery
4. sacral = lateral sacral artery

Question 6

longissimus insertion

Answer 6

transverse process of superior vertebral levels (thoracic and cervical)
mastoid process

Question 7

iliocostalis insertion

Answer 7

angles of the lower ribs
cervical transverse process