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Anatomy > intermediate and deep back muscles > Flashcards

intermediate and deep back muscles Flashcards

1
Q

nuchal

A

nape of the neck

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2
Q

What is the purposeful activity of splenius capitis and cervicis

A

social interaction and driving

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3
Q

What is the major action of spenius capitis and cervicis?

A

unilaterally: ipsilateral laterally flexes the neck and rotates the head to side of active muscles
bilaterally: extend the head and neck

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4
Q

What is the posterior attachment of the splenius capitis and cervicis?

A

nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C-7-T6 vertebrae

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5
Q

What is the distal attachment of the splenius capitis and cervicis?

A

splenius capitis: fibers run superolaterally to mastoid process and superior nuchal line

splenius cervicis: TP of C1-C4 vertebrae

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6
Q

What nerve innervates the splenius capitis and cervicis?

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

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7
Q

Ventral nerve roots?

A

motor

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8
Q

dorsal nerve roots?

A

sensory

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9
Q

ventral rami

A
  • innervate ventral body wall, superficial back, and all limb parts
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10
Q

dorsal rami

A

innervate skin and deep muscles of back

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11
Q

pr

What is the purposeful activity of the Erector Spinae Group

A

maintaining an upright posture for ADLs/IADLs

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12
Q

What is the major action for erector spinae group?

A

unilaterally: laterally flex the vertebral column to the ipsilateral side
bilaterally: extend the vertebral column

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13
Q

What is the proximal attachment of erector spinae group?

A

common tendon (thoracolumbar fascia) that attaches to the posterior surface of the sacrum, iliac crest, and spinous processes of the lumbar and last two thoracic vertebrae

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14
Q

What is the distal attachment of erector spinae group?

A

illicostalis: lower rib angles and cervical TP
longissimus: between rib tubercles and angles to thoracic TP
spinalis: upper thoracic SP and to cranium

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15
Q

What nerve innervates erector spinae group?

A

dorsal rami of spinal nerves

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16
Q

Who are the chief extensions of the vertebral column?

A

erector spinae

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17
Q

Which muscles are part of the transversospinalis group?

A
  • rotatores (deepest)
  • multifidus
  • semispinalis
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18
Q

What is the purposeful activity of the rotatores (brevis and longus)?

A

tai chi and yoga (deep postural stability)

19
Q

What is the major action of the rotatores?

A

unilaterally: rotate the vertebral column to the contralateral side
bilaterally: extend vertebral column locally
may fnctions as organs of proprioception

20
Q

What is the inferior attachment of rotatores?

A

rotatores: TP of vertebrae (thoracic the best)

21
Q

What is the nerve innervation of the rotatores?

A

dorsal rami of spinal nerves

21
Q

What is the superior attachment of the rotatores?

A

SP of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebrae (rotatores span 1-2 vertebrae)

22
Q

What is the purposeful activity of the multifidi?

A

tai chi or yoga (deep postural layer)

23
Q

What is the major action of the multifidi?

A

unilaterally: rotate the vertebral column to the contralateral side
bilaterally:
extend vertebral column
stabilizes vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column

24
Q

What is the inferior attachment of the multifidi?

A

multifidus: arises from posterior sacrum, PSIS, aponeurosis of erector spinae, SI ligaments, mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, TP of T1-T3, articular processes of C4-C7

25
Q

What is the superior attachment of the multifidi?

A

multifidus: thickest in lumbar region; fibers pass obliquely superomedially to entire length of SP; located 2-4 segments superior to proximal attachment

26
Q

What is the nerve innervation of multifidi?

A

dorsal rami of the spinal nerves

27
Q

What is the purposeful activity of the semispinalis (thoracis, cervicis, and capitis)?

A

using a computer workstation, looking overhead

28
Q

What is the major action of the semispinalis?

A

extends the head, neck, and thoracic spine

29
Q

What is the inferior attachment of the semispinalis?

A

TP of C4 to T12

30
Q

What is the superior attachment of the semispinalis?

A

fibers run superomedially to occiptal bone and SP in thoracic and cervical regions. spanning 4-6 segments

31
Q

What is the nerve innervation of the semispinalis?

A

cervical dorsal rami of spinal cervical nerves

32
Q

What is the purposeful activity of the suboccipitals?

A

scanning a computer monitor, reading a book

33
Q

What is the major action of the suboccipitals?

A
  • rectus capitis posterior major
  • rectus capitis posterior minor
  • obliquus capitis superior: rock and tilt the head back into extension
  • rectus capitis posterior major/ minor and obliquus capitis inferior: rotate the head to the same side (ipsilateral)
  • obliquus capitis superior: laterally flex the head to the same side (ipsilateral)
34
Q

What is the nerve innervation of the suboccipitals?

A

subocciptial nerve (dorsal ramus of C1)

35
Q

What is the origin of the rectus capitis posterior major?

A

spinous process of vertebra C2 axis

36
Q

What is the insertion of the rectus capitis posterior?

A

lateral inferior nuchal line

37
Q

What is the rectus capitis posterior minor origin?

A

posterior tubercle vertebra C1 atlas

38
Q

what is the rectus capitis posterior minor insertion?

A

medial inferior nuchal line

39
Q

What is the obliquus capitis inferior origin?

A

spinous process of vertebra C2 axis

40
Q

What is the obliquus capitis inferior insertion?

A

transverse process of vertebra C1 atlas

41
Q

What is the obliquus capitis superior origin?

A

transvere process of vertebra C1

42
Q

What is the obliquus capitis superior insertion?

A

occiptal bone between superior and inferior nuchal lines

Anatomy (6 decks)

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