Intergenerational and Psychoanalytic

Question 1

Murray Bowen

Answer 1

Intergenerational Therapy

Question 2

Michael Kerr

Answer 2

Georgetown Family Center: One of Bowen’s most influential students. Has served as director of Georgetown Family Center

Question 3

Philip Guerin and Thomas Fogarty

Answer 3

Cofounded Center for Family Learning in New York. Written extensively on the clinical application of Bowen’s model.

Question 4

Monica McGoldrick and Betty Carter

Answer 4

Created model of the family life cycle - uses the Bowenian concept of togetherness and independence. Extensive work with genogram.

Question 5

David Schnarch

Answer 5

Sexual Crucible model. Increase couple’s capacity for sexual intimacy by increasing levels of differentiation.

Question 6

Primary Intervention in intergenerational therapy

Answer 6

Viewing: The approach’s effectivness relies on therapists ability to accurately assess the family dynamics and thereby guide the healing process.

Question 7

3 of the most influential psychoanalytic family therapies

Answer 7

1. Contextual Family Therapy (Nagy)
2. Family of Origin Therapy (Framo)
3. Object Relations Family Therapy (Sharff?)

Question 8

Ethical System

Answer 8

introduced my Nagy - at the heart of family systems. Ledgers, entitlement, and indebtedness. Overall idea of fairness

Question 9

Nathan Ackerman

Answer 9

Associated with psychoanalytic therapies - Menninger Clinic in the 1930’s and Jewish Family Services, later opened the Ackerman Institute in the 1960s - one of the earliest pioneers of working with entire families. Co-founded the field’s first journal Family Process

Question 10

Ivan Boszormenyi-Nagy

Answer 10

Unique contribution was the idea that families have an ethical system, which he conceptualized as a ledger of entitlement and indebtedness.

Question 11

Framo

Answer 11

Student of Nagy - Best known for developing family-of-origin therapy

Question 12

David and Jill Scharff

Answer 12

Object relations family therapy

Question 13

Marianne Walters

Answer 13

The Women’s Project: reformulated many foundational family therapy concepts through a feminist lens.

Question 14

Holding Environment

Answer 14

Psychoanalytic term for the creation of a caring and therapeutic relationship

Question 15

Contextual Holding

Answer 15

Psychoanalytic Term: One aspect of the holding environment - the handling of therapy arrangements (conducting sessions competently, expressing concerns for the family, and being willing to see the entire family)

Question 16

Centered Holding

Answer 16

Psychoanalytic Term: One aspect of the holding environment - connecting with the family at a deeper level by expressing empathic understanding to create a safe emotional space

Question 17

Multidirectional Partiality

Answer 17

Psychoanalytic “stance”: term meaning being “partial” with all members of the family.

Question 18

Interlocking or Interdependent pathologies

Answer 18

the constant exchange of unconscious processes within families. Any individual’s pathology reflects those family distortions and dynamics

Question 19

Defense Mechanisms

Answer 19

Automatic Responses to perceived psychological threats and are often activated on an unconscious level

Question 20

Splitting

Answer 20

“all good” and “all bad” quality to relationships.

Question 21

Projection

Answer 21

falsely attributing one’s own unacceptable feeling, impulses, or wishes onto another. Ex: this is often seen when one partner thinks of cheating and then projects these intentions onto the faithful partner

Question 22

Projective Identification

Answer 22

Client defends against anxiety by projecting certain split-off or unwanted parts of themselves onto the other person who is then manipulated to act according to these projections

Question 23

Repression

Answer 23

Unconscious process (more pathological than suppression)

Question 24

Suppression

Answer 24

Conscious process (less pathological that repression)

Question 25

Minimizing

Answer 25

Used to reduce the intensity of the situation and avoid resulting consequences (i.e. minimizing IPV)

Question 26

Displacement

Answer 26

Redirecting intense emotion from a more threatening object to a less threatening object (i.e. yelling at child instead of boss)

Question 27

Intergenerational Therapist “Stance”

Answer 27

Nonanxious Presence: Non-reactive, meaning that the therapist does not react to attacks, “bad” news, and so forth without careful reflection.

Question 28

Multigenerational Transmission Process

Answer 28

foundation of dysfunction in Bowen’s theories

Question 29

Process Questions

Answer 29

Intergenerational Intervention: questions that help clients see the systemic process of the dynamics that they are enacting.

Question 30

Encouraging Differentiation of Self

Answer 30

Intergenerational Intervention: encouraging clients to use “I” positions

Question 31

Genogram

Answer 31

Intergenerational Intervention

Question 32

Detriangulation

Answer 32

Intergenerational Intervention: if therapy becomes “stuck” therapists must first examine their role in a potential triangle

Question 33

Relational Experiments

Answer 33

Intergenerational Intervention: behavioral homework assignments designed to reveal and change unproductive relational processes in families.

Question 34

Going Home Again

Answer 34

Intergenerational Intervention: Be able to be in the presence of “old irritants” and not regress to past behaviors but instead keep a clear sense of self.

Question 35

Parental Introjects

Answer 35

Framo (FOO therapy) believes that the most significant dynamic affecting individual and family functioning is parental Introjects- the internalized negative aspects of parents

Question 36

Entitlements

Answer 36

Nagy: ethical guarantees to merits that are earned in the context of relationships. Ex: the freedom parents are entitled to because of the care they extend to children.

Question 37

Destructive Entitlements

Answer 37

Nagy: result when children do not receive the nurturing that they are entitled and later project that loss onto the world, which they see as their “debtors”

Question 38

Revolving Slate

Answer 38

Nagy: a destructive relational process in which one person takes revenge in one relationship based on the relational transactions in another relationship.

Question 39

Psychoanalytic Interventions (3 generic)

Answer 39

1. Listening and Empathy
2. Interpretation and promoting insight
3. Working Through - process of translating insight into new action in family and other relationships

Question 40

Contextual Family Therapy Interventions (4)

Answer 40

1. Exoneration
2. Multigenerational work
3. Re-enactments
4. Co-therapy

Question 41

Exoneration

Answer 41

Contextual Intervention:

Process through which balance is regained and trust restored when a client’s ledger contains destructive entitlement

Question 42

Multigenerational Work in Contextual Family

Answer 42

depends on optimal resource potential for expanding mutual trustworthiness and self-validation. Ex: De-parentification

Question 43

Re-enactments in Contextual Family Therapy

Answer 43

Bring out invisible loyalties (transference) for discussion

Question 44

Co-therapy in Contextual Family Therapy

Answer 44

Can be used as models for equality and mutuality