Interference Theory Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Proactive interference?

A

Proactive interference – this is where our previous LTMs interfere with our new LTMs.

(E.g. when getting a new phone which has a new number to learn. You recite the old number instead of the new one. Your previous knowledge is therefore interfering with your new information)

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2
Q

What is Retro-active interference?

A

This is where new information interferes with the
recall of older information.

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3
Q

A03 - Rugby Study - Baddely and Hitch

A

-Support
-They tested rugby players memory of the names of players they had played against in the season
-They found players who played in fewer games recalled more names than those who had played most games
- They attributed this t interference theory

-The study was conducted in a natural environment using real life rugby players memory, so it has high ecological validity to support real life application
-However we must consider these findings with caution, as they’re a unique group of predominantly males who suffer more than the average population from head injuries which could affect recall
- Therefor this may bring the support into question

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4
Q

A03 - Keppel and Underwood - Consonant Triagrams

A

-Examined the effect of proactive interference and response
competition on long-term memory in a lab-based experiment.
- Participants were presented with meaningless three-letter consonant trigrams
- To prevent rehearsal the participants had to count backwards in threes before recalling.

  • Keppel and Underwood found that participants typically remembered the trigrams that were presented first, irrespective of the interval length.
  • They concluded that the results suggest proactive interference occurred, as memory for the earlier consonants, which had transferred to long-term memory, was interfering with the
    memory for new consonants, due to the similarity of the information presented.
  • The findings of this lab-based experiment do lack ecological validity, so whilst they support the proactive interference theory and response competition within a lab environment, they are also limited
    in supporting the theory’s applicability in the real world.
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