Types of LTM

Question 1

What is episodic memory?

Answer 1

-Episodic memory is a person’s unique memory of a specific event, so it will be different from someone else’s recollection of the same experience.
-The memories of events are created as LTMs and can later be retrieved for conscious inspection.
- Episodic memories have three elements: details of the event,
context and emotion.
- Using episodic memories means that we are consciously aware of
them, this means that they are declarative.
e.g first kiss

Question 2

What is semantic memory?

Answer 2

Semantic memory is a structured record of facts, meanings, concepts and knowledge about the external world that we have acquired. Often referred to as general knowledge.
- Semantic memories often begin as episodic memories - we learn new facts or concepts from our experiences. There is typically a gradual transition from episodic to semantic memory:
= in which episodic memory reduces its sensitivity and association to particular events, so that the information can be stored as general
knowledge.
- This factual knowledge is shared with others and independent of personal experience and of the spatial/temporal context in which it was acquired.
-We are conciously aware of them.

=grass is green

Question 3

What is procedural memory?

Answer 3

Procedural memory is the part of the LTM that is responsible for knowing how to perform certain procedures, also known a motor-skills.
Repetition and practice improve the performance of a procedure.
(Musicians and professional athletes are said to excel, in part, because of their superior ability to form procedural memories.)

Procedural memory is also important in language development, as it allows a person to talk without having to give much thought to proper grammar and syntax.
Using procedural memories does not require conscious awareness they become almost instinctual actions when we need them.

Procedural memories are not declarative.