interactive methods and asking effective questions Flashcards

1
Q

Interactive methods advantages

A
  • versatility
  • questions answered face when face to face
  • can honour oral histories face to face
  • can cover a large sample of people with survey
  • fun
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2
Q

Interactive methods disadvantages

A
  • hard to design meaningful questions
  • must understand how to effectively analyze results
  • time intensive
  • interviewing requires training and experience
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3
Q

focus group pros

A
  • colects lots of info in a short amount of time
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4
Q

focus group cons

A
  • group think
  • methods of capturing all responses
  • power differential
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5
Q

interview types

A
  • informal
  • semistructured
  • standardized
  • closed, fized responses
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6
Q

informal

A
  • no predetermined questions
  • go with flow
  • guided by responded
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7
Q

semistructured

A
  • ensure same general questions for all participants

- there is room for freedom and adaptability

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8
Q

closed, fixed responses

A
  • all participants asked the same questions with defined set of response
  • useful wit those less experience interiewing
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9
Q

standardized

A
  • same quesitons asked of all participants
  • faster, more easily compared
  • open and closed responses
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10
Q

interview pros

A
  • higher response rate (70%)
  • can clarify questions and answers
  • more personal
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11
Q

interview cons

A
  • time consuming

- resource intensive

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12
Q

interview issues

A
  • participant selection
  • skill and experience of interviewer
  • capturing all responses (note taking, recording, transcribing)
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13
Q

semistructured interview format

A
  • prepare and read lit before interview - list of target info
  • start with broad easy q
  • use open ended questions
  • practice order and timing
  • conseider memorizing questions or rpeparing prompts
  • use recording devices but get consent and prepare it beforehand
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14
Q

survey pros

A
  • collects lots of data
  • inexpensive
  • can offer anonymity for respondents
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15
Q

survey cons

A
  • cant clarify ambiguities
  • potential for misinterpretation
  • low response rate - need to adapt by surveying large # of people
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16
Q

survey issues

A
  • respondent bias
  • respondent dishonesty
  • survey and question design
17
Q

writing effective questiosn

A
  • take care and consideration
  • numerous revisions
  • get multiple perspectives
  • write and rewrite
18
Q

thigns to consider when writing effective questions

A
  • effect of positive vs negative wording
  • context of appropriate wording
  • minimizing bias
  • avoiding ambiguitiy
  • use of acronyms
19
Q

question types

A
  • open ended
  • single response
  • categorical
  • rating
  • ranking
  • likert scale
20
Q

open ended qs

A
  • pro: can hear respondents own words
  • con: epople can go on and on
  • how confident do you feel about our world leaders’ ability to adress the climate crisis
21
Q

single response

A
  • information collecting, good for online interfaces

- on average how many days do you check your phone

22
Q

categorical

A
  • must satisfy 2 criteria: mutually exclusive and exhaustive

- which of the following do you most identify with

23
Q

rating

A
  • many types of rating scales
  • commonly used, easy to understand
  • typically have narrow choice distributions
  • less differentiation
  • how importatna re the following to your education books, lectures, tutorials – circle 1-5 for each of them
24
Q

ranking

A
  • rank the following in order of importance to you A) high salary B) job satisfaction C) work environment
25
Q

likert scale

A
  • statement followed by options of level of agreement
  • may or may not include neutral option
  • ex. indicate your degree of agreement with the following statement: tacos are delicious
26
Q

how do you feel about the addition of a green roof and solar panel son the SUB and LSC?

A
  • double bareled question - asking too diff things at once, acronyms
  • reword: how do you feel about the addition of ag green door ont he sub using an additional auxiliary fee charge to DSU
27
Q

How often do you recycle?

A
  • too vague
  • how often do you put organic waste in the compost bin? A) never B) 1x/week C) 2-3x/week D) 4-7x/week e) more than 8x/week
28
Q

what is your gender A) female B) male

A
  • not exhaustive, missing categories

- reword: which gender do you most identify with? but dont ask if not needed

29
Q

how much money do you earn in a year?

A
  • intrusive - offer group ranges instead

- reword: your annual income falls into which of the following categories

30
Q

your annual amount of household waste falls into which of the following categories A) less than 10lbs B) 10-50lbs C)50-75lbs D) 100lbs or more

A
  • options not mutually exclusive (or exhaustive), hard to estimate - reword: on average, what proportion of your weekly household waste is recycled or composed? A) less than 20% b) 21-50% c) 51-80
31
Q

notes on survey design

A
  • start with an intro (objectives, promise of anonymity/confideitaily, contact person)
  • colelct demographic info but only ask whats needed
  • goof format and layout
  • order questions properly, avoid small qs, sensitive questions not st start, start and end w easy qs, thank for participating
  • be courteous
  • know analytical approach before finalizing survey
  • pilot survey before sending it out
32
Q

when surveying, avoid

A
  • shady techniques
  • misleading participants about time
  • poorly written surveys
33
Q

consider when surveying

A
  • offering multiple platforms for completion
  • ex. paper surveys can also hand out QR slips for those who dont have enough time for paper survey
  • if you have email adresses send reminder w survey link
34
Q

motivation for particiaption

A
  • norm of reciprocity
  • incentive - timing and size of rewards
  • leverage salience theory (relevance theory)