interactionism theory Flashcards
What is the definition of a deviant according to Becker?
A deviant is someone to whom the label has been successfully applied
How is deviant behavior defined by Becker?
Deviant behavior is behavior that people label as such
What factors influence labeling as deviant according to Becker?
Gender, class, and ethnicity
What are officers’ typifications according to Cicourel?
Stereotypes of the typical criminal leading to concentration on certain types of people
What is an example of a focus area for police patrols according to Cicourel?
Working class areas
What are the two types of deviance distinguished by Lemert?
- Primary deviance
- Secondary deviance
What is primary deviance?
Deviant acts that have not been publicly labelled as criminal
What is secondary deviance?
Deviant acts and individuals that are labelled
What is a master status according to Lemert?
A status where a criminal is defined by their deviant act
What may happen once an individual has been labelled according to Lemert?
They may struggle to find employment, leading to a deviant career
What are the two types of shaming distinguished by Braithwaite?
- Reintegrative shaming
- Disintegrative shaming
What is reintegrative shaming?
Punishment that strengthens bonds with society
What is disintegrative shaming?
Punishment that isolates the individual and causes secondary deviance
What does Douglas reject in the examination of suicide?
The use of official statistics
What influences whether a death is labelled as a suicide according to Douglas?
Interactions and negotiations between social actors
Who are the social actors involved in the labeling of suicide?
- Doctors
- The coroner
- Family
What do statistics fail to convey about suicide according to Douglas?
The meaning behind an individual’s decision to commit suicide
