interactionalist perspective 5Ed Flashcards

(22 cards)

1
Q

what does interactionalist look at

A
  • process and relationships within the education system which result in different levels of achievement for social groups
  • want to investigate how individuals interact with formal and informal organisations within schools
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the formal organisation

A
  • consists of things schools formally teach and the rules EG: uniform and punishment systems
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is informal organisation

A
  • things that are not normally taught but are important aspects of schooling process EG: way pupils interact with each other, teacher labelling and subcultures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is labelling

A

the process of attaching a definition or meaning to an individual group
Eg: girls are more hardworking than boys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the self fulfilling prophecy

A
  • where a prediction is made about a person or group comes true simply because the prediction has been made
  • teachers label pupils in a way that pupils come to beleive this to be true and that they ‘suit’ there given label
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is typing

A

where a person is considered to be a particular ‘type’
Eg: hard worker, trouble maker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what did Hargreves analyse

A
  • the way pupils become classified or typed
  • investigated the way teachers came to know their pupils and distinguished 3 stage sof classification
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does is the three steps to classification according to Hargreaves’s

A

Speculation - teacher forms an hypothesis of what sort of child each pupil is
Elaboration - the hypothesis is either confirmed or contradicted
Stabilisation - teacher feels they know they pupil and all pupils actions will be interpreted based on the “type” of pupil they are

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What did Becker argue

A
  • Teachers make immediate judgments about pupils, comparing them to their “ideal type”
  • Found the evaluation was not made upon ability but on social class
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what was Beckers findings from his Chicargo study

A
  • evaluted students in terms of an ideal pupil
  • ‘ideal’ was typically neat apperance, hardworking, well behaved, good attitude
  • found that middle class pupils were closest to this ideal type
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cicourel and Kitsuse

A
  • looked at effect of labelling
  • social class of american highschool students was an important influence on the way students were evaluated by teachers
  • ultimatley affected their grades
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does labelling theory say

A

typing leads to labels being attached to pupils, affects pupils chance of educational success

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what did Rosenthal and Jacobson research

A
  • experiement in amrican primary schools to investgate self fullfilling prophecy
  • lied and said the IQ test identifed pupils who would spurt ahead of the others, this 20% was acc picked at random
  • 1 year later they revisted the school and found all the ‘spurters’ to have made significant progress
  • R&J beleived it was the teachers beleifs about the pupils that influenced they way they interacted with the pupils and their overall success
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is streaming

A
  • sperating children into different ability groups of classes called ‘steams’
  • each ability group is taught seperatly from others for all subjects
  • studies show the self fulfilling prohecy is more likely to occur where streaming does
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Ball

A
  • beachside comprehensive school, examined internal organsiation of the school
  • found children were’banded’ according to their ability with reference to other factors like social background
  • when children entered they were keen and conformist, but this changed after they spent time with their ‘bands’
  • teacher expections meant that pupils were taught in differnt ways and encouraged to follow differnt educational routes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Keddie

A
  • claims that knowledge was evaluated and classfied in large schools
  • theoretical knowledge was seen as superior to practical knowledge
  • some knowledge was seen worthwile of only certain students. those who were defined as bright were given greater access to knowledge than others
  • higher social class/ white collar jobs = A stream
  • lower social class / unskilled manual work = C stream
  • middle class pupils seen as ideal and given greater info
17
Q

what do interactionsalsits say to support Keddies research

A
  • pupils experience schools in different ways
  • treated differntly by teachers, labelled, and streamed
  • they attach differnt meanings to education based on their own experiences
18
Q

Hargreves - subcultures

A
  • pupils labelled as trouble makers were put into lower streams
  • defined as failures
  • these pupils tended to seek out each others componany and awarded each other for high status and school rule breaking
19
Q

Woods

A
  • pupils will react differntly to school life
  • may accept or reject the aim of academic success and means of achieving it
  • identified different responses to school in groups of pupils
  • compliance - those who mainly got on with work
  • retreatist - pupils who replaced school values with their own
20
Q

Paul Willis

A
  • study of the ‘lads’
  • developed a counter school subculture which helped them cope with being labelled as trouble makers and failures
  • resulted in their priorty in school to be having a ‘lagh’ rather than school work
  • this spills into thier jobs , having a laugh to cope with boring nature of their jobs
21
Q

advantages of interactionist approach

A
  • based upon far more detailed evidence than functionalsit and marxist theories or role and purpose of education in society
  • interactionist done real research in schools, observations
  • has practical applications - lead to better teaching standards andd increased awarness of effects of labelling
22
Q

disadvantages of interactionsit approach

A
  • somestudies dont actually explain why labelling happens - blame teachers for laeblling pupils but dont explain why they do it
  • determinsitic - assumes once a pupil has been labelled, they will automatically fulfill it
  • explains differnce in acheivement based purley of what happens inside schools, ignoring wider social influences: family background etc